Amnesia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Memory impairment tends to increase with age. Forty percent of the population over age sixty have some degree of memory loss. Amnesia and mild cognitive impairment is more prevalent in middle-aged to older Non-Hispanic Black and older Latino as compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of dissociative amnesia is 1,000 to 2,600 per 100,000 (1.0% to 2.6%) of the overall population.[1]
- Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is 20% over the age of 85.[2]
- The prevalence of dissociative fugue is approximately 0.2%. This might be underestimated as dissociative fugue is under diagnosed.[3]
- Worldwide prevalence of Korsakoff Syndrome is 0-2% and 1-2% in the United States. Prevalence is higher in elderly living by themselves, psychiatric inpatients and the homeless.[4]
Incidence
- Worldwide, the incidence of transient global amnesia is approximately 2.9– 10 per 100,000 cases per year. [5]
- Incidence of dissociative disorder is higher in substance abuse cases.[6]
Gender
- Higher prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is seen in women than men.[7]
- Males are more affected by Korsakoff Syndrome than females.
Race
- Memory loss and mild cognitive impairment is more prevalent in middle-aged to older Non-Hispanic Black and older Latino as compared to non-Hispanic Whites.[8]
Age
- Memory impairment tends to increase with age. Forty percent of the population over age sixty have some degree of memory loss.[9]
References
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
- ↑ Erickson KR (1990). "Amnestic disorders. Pathophysiology and patterns of memory dysfunction". West J Med. 152 (2): 159–66. PMC 1002292. PMID 2154898.
- ↑ Mamarde A, Navkhare P, Singam A, Kanoje A (2013). "Recurrent dissociative fugue". Indian J Psychol Med. 35 (4): 400–1. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.122239. PMC 3868095. PMID 24379504.
- ↑ Arts NJ, Walvoort SJ, Kessels RP (2017). "Korsakoff's syndrome: a critical review". Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 13: 2875–2890. doi:10.2147/NDT.S130078. PMC 5708199. PMID 29225466.
- ↑ Quinette P, Guillery-Girard B , Dayan J , et al. What does transient global amnesia really mean? Review of the literature and thorough study of 142 cases. Brain 2006;129 (Part 7) :1640–58.
- ↑ Vedat Sar, "Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: An Overview", Epidemiology Research International, vol. 2011, Article ID 404538, 8 pages, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/404538
- ↑ Schmidt R, Kienbacher E, Benke T, Dal-Bianco P, Delazer M, Ladurner G; et al. (2008). "[Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease]". Neuropsychiatr. 22 (1): 1–15. PMID 18381051.
- ↑ Casillas A, Liang LJ, Vassar S, Brown A (2019). "Trends in Memory Problems and Race/Ethnicity in the National Health and Examination Survey, 1999-2014". Ethn Dis. 29 (3): 525–534. doi:10.18865/ed.29.3.525. PMC 6645717 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31367174. - ↑ Pokorski RJ (2002). "Differentiating age-related memory loss from early dementia". J Insur Med. 34 (2): 100–13. PMID 15305786.