Amnesia classification: Difference between revisions
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**[[Dissociative Amnesia]]: Temporary, [[episodic]] [[retrograde memory loss]]. Cause is [[psychological]] in origin. [[Dissociative Amnesia]] is also referred to as [[psychological]] amnesia. It has variable presentation: | **[[Dissociative Amnesia]]: Temporary, [[episodic]] [[retrograde memory loss]]. Cause is [[psychological]] in origin. [[Dissociative Amnesia]] is also referred to as [[psychological]] amnesia. It has variable presentation: | ||
***[[Repressed amnesia]] is seen in [[patients]] where they are unable to recall a stressful or traumatic incident from the past due to [[psychological]] [[defense mechanism]]. | ***[[Repressed amnesia]] is seen in [[patients]] where they are unable to recall a stressful or traumatic incident from the past due to [[psychological]] [[defense mechanism]]. | ||
***[[Dissociative fugue]] has been observed in these [[patients]] where the identity and [[memory]] is lost. It is reversible and has variable time duration.<ref name="pmid18086739">{{cite journal| author=Bourget D, Whitehurst L| title=Amnesia and crime. | journal=J Am Acad Psychiatry Law | year= 2007 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 469-80 | pmid=18086739 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18086739 }} </ref><ref name="pmid30311153">{{cite journal| author=Khalili M, Wong RJ| title=Underserved Does Not Mean Undeserved: Unfurling the HCV Care in the Safety Net. | journal=Dig Dis Sci | year= 2018 | volume= 63 | issue= 12 | pages= 3250-3252 | pmid=30311153 | doi=10.1007/s10620-018-5316-9 | pmc=6436636 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30311153 }} </ref> | ***[[Dissociative fugue]] has been observed in these [[patients]] where the identity and [[memory]] is lost. It is reversible and has variable time duration.<ref name="pmid18086739">{{cite journal| author=Bourget D, Whitehurst L| title=Amnesia and crime. | journal=J Am Acad Psychiatry Law | year= 2007 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 469-80 | pmid=18086739 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18086739 }} </ref><ref name="pmid30311153">{{cite journal| author=Khalili M, Wong RJ| title=Underserved Does Not Mean Undeserved: Unfurling the HCV Care in the Safety Net. | journal=Dig Dis Sci | year= 2018 | volume= 63 | issue= 12 | pages= 3250-3252 | pmid=30311153 | doi=10.1007/s10620-018-5316-9 | pmc=6436636 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30311153 }} </ref><ref American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5</ref> | ||
**[[Post-traumatic Amnesia]]: Amnesia that follows [[head]] [[trauma]] could be temporary or permanent. The span of memory loss is uncertain it could present with retrograde, anterograde or combined. Extent of [[injury]] and duration of [[loss of consciousness]] are important [[prognostic]] factors in determining the severity of amnesia. <ref name="pmid11475324">{{cite journal| author=Leclerc S, Lassonde M, Delaney JS, Lacroix VJ, Johnston KM| title=Recommendations for grading of concussion in athletes. | journal=Sports Med | year= 2001 | volume= 31 | issue= 8 | pages= 629-36 | pmid=11475324 | doi=10.2165/00007256-200131080-00007 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11475324 }} </ref> | **[[Post-traumatic Amnesia]]: Amnesia that follows [[head]] [[trauma]] could be temporary or permanent. The span of memory loss is uncertain it could present with retrograde, anterograde or combined. Extent of [[injury]] and duration of [[loss of consciousness]] are important [[prognostic]] factors in determining the severity of amnesia. <ref name="pmid11475324">{{cite journal| author=Leclerc S, Lassonde M, Delaney JS, Lacroix VJ, Johnston KM| title=Recommendations for grading of concussion in athletes. | journal=Sports Med | year= 2001 | volume= 31 | issue= 8 | pages= 629-36 | pmid=11475324 | doi=10.2165/00007256-200131080-00007 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11475324 }} </ref> | ||
**[[Infantile]] Amnesia: Also known as childhood amnesia. Early childhood memory is lost, usually up to the age of fours year. Influenced by cultural norms and [[sexual]] [[repression]].<ref name="pmid12653489">{{cite journal| author=Wang Q| title=Infantile amnesia reconsidered: a cross-cultural analysis. | journal=Memory | year= 2003 | volume= 11 | issue= 1 | pages= 65-80 | pmid=12653489 | doi=10.1080/741938173 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12653489 }} </ref> | **[[Infantile]] Amnesia: Also known as childhood amnesia. Early childhood memory is lost, usually up to the age of fours year. Influenced by cultural norms and [[sexual]] [[repression]].<ref name="pmid12653489">{{cite journal| author=Wang Q| title=Infantile amnesia reconsidered: a cross-cultural analysis. | journal=Memory | year= 2003 | volume= 11 | issue= 1 | pages= 65-80 | pmid=12653489 | doi=10.1080/741938173 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12653489 }} </ref> |
Revision as of 16:03, 8 March 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Amnesia can be divided into two broad groups, retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia. Anterograde amnesia is the inability to form new memory and retrograde amnesia is the loss of memory prior to the onset of amnesia.
Classification
- Amnesia can be divided into two broad groups:
- Anterograde amnesia: The inability to form new memory. Past memory is intact.
- Retrograde amnesia: The loss of memory prior to the onset of amnesia. Patient can form new memories.
- Following are types of amnesia, these can features of anterograde, retrograde or both:
- Dissociative Amnesia: Temporary, episodic retrograde memory loss. Cause is psychological in origin. Dissociative Amnesia is also referred to as psychological amnesia. It has variable presentation:
- Repressed amnesia is seen in patients where they are unable to recall a stressful or traumatic incident from the past due to psychological defense mechanism.
- Dissociative fugue has been observed in these patients where the identity and memory is lost. It is reversible and has variable time duration.[1][2]
- Infantile Amnesia: Also known as childhood amnesia. Early childhood memory is lost, usually up to the age of fours year. Influenced by cultural norms and sexual repression.[3]
- Drug-Induced Amnesia
- Amnesia in Korsakoff’s Syndrome
- Selective Amnesia
- Epileptic Amnesia
- Lacunar amnesia
- Dissociative Amnesia: Temporary, episodic retrograde memory loss. Cause is psychological in origin. Dissociative Amnesia is also referred to as psychological amnesia. It has variable presentation:
References
- ↑ Bourget D, Whitehurst L (2007). "Amnesia and crime". J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 35 (4): 469–80. PMID 18086739.
- ↑ Khalili M, Wong RJ (2018). "Underserved Does Not Mean Undeserved: Unfurling the HCV Care in the Safety Net". Dig Dis Sci. 63 (12): 3250–3252. doi:10.1007/s10620-018-5316-9. PMC 6436636. PMID 30311153.
- ↑ Wang Q (2003). "Infantile amnesia reconsidered: a cross-cultural analysis". Memory. 11 (1): 65–80. doi:10.1080/741938173. PMID 12653489.