Ameloblastoma differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Ameloblastoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause symptoms similar to those of ameloblastoma, such as dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, odontogenic myxoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia, hard odontoma, osteosarcoma, and globulomaxillary cysts.

Differential Diagnosis

Differential diagnosis of ameloblastoma include the following:[1]

Osteosarcoma must be differentiated from:Osteomyelitis, Pediatric Osteomyelitis, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, Metastases from other malignancies, Fibrous dysplasia, Giant cell tumors, Ewing's sarcoma, Malignant fibrous histiocytoma, Lymphoma Osteoblastoma, Aneurysmal bone cyst, Fibrosarcoma and Cortical desmoid.

Disease History/demography Symptoms Physical examination Diagnosis
Palpable mass Pain Others Mass tenderness Others Genetics Imaging Histology
Rhabdomyosarcoma[2][3][4][5]
  • Most common soft tissue cancer among children and adolescents
  • The third most common extracranial solid tumors
  • Two-third of all cases happen under 6 years old
+ + +/-

Mutations in:

CT scan:

Ultrasound:

MRI:

Wilms tumor[6][7][8][9][10] + + +/- Present mutations of: Ultrasound:

CT scan:

Ewing sarcoma[11][12][13][14] + + + Radiographic of region:

CT scan:

MRI:

Pediatric neuroblastoma [15][16][17][18]

Age distribution:

  • < 1 years old ( 40%)
  • 1-2 years old (35%)
  • > 2 years old (25%)

+ (Abdominal)

+

+(Abdominal)

CT scan:

MRI:

Pediatric pheochromocytoma[19][20][21][22] - +/- - Genetic mutation in: Ultrasound:

CT scan:

MRI (in extra adrenal tumors):

  • T1:
    • Heterogenous enhancement
    • Hypointense
  • T2:
    • Hyperintense
  • T1 C+ (Gd):
    • Heterogenous enhancement

Positive stains for:

Pediatric osteosarcoma[23][24][25] + + + Radiography:

CT scan:

MRI:

Pediatric liposarcoma[26][27][28][29] + +/- -
  • N/A
CT scan:

MRI:

Divided into following subtypes:

Common findings:

Pediatric acute myelocytic leukemia[30][31][32][33] +/- ( Abdominal mass, mediastinal mass) + (bone pain, joint pain) +/- Genetic translocations include:
  • t (8;21)
  • t (3;21)
  • t (15;17)
Radiography:

CT scan/ MRI:

Radionuclide imaging:

Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia[34][35]

+/-( Extramedullary mass in abdomen/ head/ neck)

+/- (Musculoskeletal pain) - Chromosomal translocations:
  • t (9;22)
  • t (12;21)
  • t (5;14)
  • t (1;19)
Radiography:

Chest x ray:

Bone x ray:

Brain MRI:

Divided into 3 subgroups:

L1:

L2:

L3:

Pediatric non-hodgkin lymphoma[36][37][38] + - + (Chest tenderness) Radiography:

CT scan:

Ultrasound:

Histology findings of non-hodgkin lymphoma depend on:



References

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