Alveolar hydatid disease

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Alveolar hydatid disease
ICD-10 B67.7
ICD-9 122.7
DiseasesDB 4048

Alveolar hydatid disease Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Alveolar hydatid disease from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Alveolar hydatid disease On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Alveolar hydatid disease

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Alveolar hydatid disease

CDC on Alveolar hydatid disease

Alveolar hydatid disease in the news

Blogs on Alveolar hydatid disease

Directions to Hospitals Treating Alveolar hydatid disease

Risk calculators and risk factors for Alveolar hydatid disease

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Assosciate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S

Synonyms and keywords: Alveolar echinococcosis, AE, echinococcosis alveolar, echinococciasis multilocular

Epidemiology and Demographics

Alveolar hydatid disease is found worldwide, mostly in northern latitudes. Cases have been reported in central Europe, Russia, China, Central Asia, Japan, and North America. In North America E. multilocularis is found primarily in the north central region from eastern Montana to central Ohio, as well as Alaska and Canada. Human cases have been reported in Alaska, the province of Manitoba, and Minnesota. Prevalence among wild foxes and coyotes is high, and may reach over 50% in some areas; however, even in these areas, transmission to humans has been low.

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

AE is caused by tumor-like or cyst-like tapeworm larvae growing in the body. AE usually involves the liver, but can spread to other organs of the body. Because the cysts are slow-growing, infection with AE may not produce any symptoms for many years.

  • Pain or discomfort in the upper abdominal region.
  • Weakness.
  • Weight loss may occur as a result of the growing cysts.
  • Symptoms may mimic those of liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver.
  • Hemoptysis may be present.

Physical Examination

On physical examination,

Laboratory tests

Laboratory tests findings are

Other Imaging findings

  • Intracranial calcification

Treatment

Surgery

Surgery is the most common form of treatment for AE, although removal of the entire parasite mass is not always possible. After surgery, medication may be necessary to keep the cyst from growing back.

Prevention

If you live in an area where E. multilocularis is found in rodents and wild canines, take the following precautions to avoid infection:

  • Don't touch a fox, coyote, or other wild canine, dead or alive, unless you are wearing gloves. Hunters and trappers should use plastic gloves to avoid exposure.
  • Don't keep wild animals, especially wild canines, as pets or encourage them to come close to your home.
  • Don't allow your cats and dogs to wander freely or to capture and eat rodents.
  • If you think that your pet may have eaten rodents, consult your veterinarian about the possible need for preventive treatments.
  • After handling pets, always wash your hands with soap and warm water.
  • Fence in gardens to keep out wild animals.
  • Do not collect or eat wild fruits or vegetables picked directly from the ground. All wild-picked foods should be washed carefully or cooked before eating.

References

External Links


Template:WS