Alcoholic cardiomyopathy: Difference between revisions

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{{Alcoholic cardiomyopathy}}
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  {{RT}}; {{HP}}


==Overview==
'''For patient information, click [[Dilated cardiomyopathy (patient information)|here]]'''
'''Alcoholic cardiomyopathy''' is a disease in which the abuse of [[alcohol]] use damages the [[heart]] muscle causing [[heart failure]]. It is characterized by constellation of findings which includes a history of excessive alcohol intake, physical signs of [[alcohol]] abuse, [[heart failure]], and supportive findings consistent with [[dilated cardiomyopathy]].


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy overview|Overview]]==
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a type of [[dilated cardiomyopathy]]. Excessive use of [[alcohol]] has a direct toxic effect on the [[heart muscle]] cells. The heart muscle becomes weakened and cannot pump [[blood]] efficiently. The lack of [[blood flow]] affects all parts of the body, resulting in damage to multiple tissues and organ systems. Alcohol may also directly damage the [[liver]].


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is more prevalent in middle age males between the ages of 35-50. However, females may be more sensitive to cardiotoxic effects of alcohol.


==Diagnosis==
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
===History===
The quantity and duration of alcohol consumption as well as the nutritional status of the patient should be inquired about.


Abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy differential diagnosis|Differentiating Alcoholic cardiomyopathy from other Diseases]]==


[[Echocardiogram]] abnormalities and [[cardiac catheterization]] or [[angiogram]] to rule out coronary artery blockages
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


===Symptoms===
==[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
Symptoms presented by the occurrence of alcoholic cardiomyopathy are the result of the heart failing and usually occur after the disease has progressed to an advanced stage. Therefore the symptoms have a lot in common with other forms of [[cardiomyopathy]]:


*[[Anasarca]] or [[overall swelling]]
==Diagnosis==
*[[Cachexia]] or [[loss of appetite]]
[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy history and symptoms|History and Symptoms ]] | [[ Alcoholic cardiomyopathy physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
*[[Cough]] containing mucus, or pink, frothy material
*[[Decreased alertness]] or [[decreased concentration]]
*[[Dyspnea]] or [[shortness of breath with activity]]
*[[Faintness]]
*[[Fatigue]]
*[[Irregular pulse]] or [[rapid pulse]]
*[[Nocturia]] or a [[need to urinate at night]]
*[[Oliguria]] or [[decreased urine output]]
*[[Orthopnea]] or [[breathing difficulty while lying down]]
*[[Palpitations]]
*[[Pedal edema]], [[ankle swelling]], [[feet swelling]], and [[leg swelling]]
*[[Weakness]]
 
===Electrocardiogram===
*Reduced [[QRS voltage]] may be present
*[[T wave alternans]] may be present
 
===Chest X-ray===
*[[Cardiomegaly]] or [[an enlarged heart]] is present


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
Treatment for Alcoholic cardiomyopathy involves a lifestyle change as well as treatment through medication. If the heart failure is severe the effectiveness of treatment will be limited.
[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy surgery |Surgery]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] |[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


Medication may include, [[ACE inhibitors]] and [[Beta Blockers]] which are commonly used with other forms of cardiomyopathy to reduce the strain on the heart. The medication may include diuretics to help remove the excess liquid in the body.
==Case Studies==
Persons with congestive heart failure maybe considered for surgery insert and ICD or a pacemaker which can improve the heart function. In cases where the heart failure is irreversible and declining a heart transplant maybe considered.
[[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy case study one|Case #1]]
Lifestyle changes would include an absitnance from alcohol, a low sodium diet and a reduction in the fluids consumed.


Treatment will possibly prevent the heart from deterioration but is unlikely to reverse the reduced function that has already occurred
==Related Chapters==
* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Congestive heart failure]]
* [[Anticoagulation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy]]
* [[First degree AV block]]
* [[Second degree AV block]]
* [[Beriberi heart disease]]
* [[Alcoholic liver disease]]


==See Also==
{{WH}}
 
{{WS}}
* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
[[CME Category::Cardiology]]


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 19:39, 14 March 2016

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Differentiating Alcoholic cardiomyopathy from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy On the Web

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Alcoholic cardiomyopathy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]; Hardik Patel, M.D.

For patient information, click here

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Differentiating Alcoholic cardiomyopathy from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | Echocardiography | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention |Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

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