Adenocarcinoma of the lung epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
==Epidemiology==
The [[incidence]] of adenocarcinoma of the lung is approximately 22.1 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Adenocarcinoma of the lung affects men and women equally. [[Patient|Patients]] of all age groups may develop adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Nearly 40% of lung cancers in the US are adenocarcinoma, which usually originates in peripheral lung tissue.<ref name=WCR20145.1>{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=9283204298|pages=Chapter 5.1}}</ref> Most cases of adenocarcinoma are associated with smoking; however, among people who have smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes ("never-smokers"),<ref name="Harrison">{{Cite book | last=Horn | first=L |author2=Pao W |author3=Johnson DH  | title=Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine | publisher=McGraw-Hill | editor-last=Longo | editor-first=DL | editor-last2=Kasper | editor-first2=DL | editor-last3=Jameson | editor-first3=JL | editor-last4=Fauci | editor-first4=AS | editor-last5=Hauser | editor-first5=SL | editor-last6=Loscalzo | editor-first6=J | year=2012 | chapter=Chapter 89 | edition=18th | isbn=0-07-174889-X }}</ref> adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer.<ref name="Subramanian">{{cite journal | last=Subramanian | first=J |author2=Govindan R  |title=Lung cancer in never smokers: a review | journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology | volume=25 | issue=5 | pages=561–570| publisher=American Society of Clinical Oncology |date=February 2007 | pmid=17290066 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2006.06.8015 }}</ref>  Its incidence has been increasing in many developed Western nations in the past few decades, where it has become the most common major type of lung cancer in smokers (replacing [[Squamous cell lung carcinoma#Squamous cell lung carcinoma|squamous cell lung carcinoma]]) and in lifelong nonsmokers.<ref name='who2004'/> According to the [[Nurses' Health Study]], the risk of adenocarcinoma of the lung increases substantially after a long duration of previous [[tobacco smoking]], with a previous smoking duration of 30 to 40 years giving a [[relative risk]] of approximately 2.4 compared to never-smokers, and a duration of more than 40 years giving a relative risk of approximately 5.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kenfield | first1 = S. A. | last2 = Wei | first2 = E. K. | last3 = Stampfer | first3 = M. J. | last4 = Rosner | first4 = B. A. | last5 = Colditz | first5 = G. A. | title = Comparison of aspects of smoking among the four histological types of lung cancer | journal = Tobacco Control | volume = 17 | issue = 3 | pages = 198–204 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18390646 | pmc = 3044470 | doi = 10.1136/tc.2007.022582}}</ref>
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
*The [[incidence]] of adenocarcinoma of the lung is approximately 22.1 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="wikipedia">Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Wikipedia 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung#Epidemiology</ref>


This cancer usually is seen peripherally in the lungs, as opposed to [[small cell lung cancer]] and [[squamous cell]] lung cancer, which both tend to be more centrally located,<ref name=Travis95>{{cite journal |author=Travis WD, Travis LB, Devesa SS |title=Lung cancer |journal=Cancer |volume=75 |issue=1 Suppl |pages=191–202 |date=January 1995|pmid=8000996 |doi= 10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+<191::AID-CNCR2820751307>3.0.CO;2-Y|url=}}</ref><ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma>{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 13, box on morphology of adenocarcinoma |author=Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson |title=Robbins Basic Pathology|publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |isbn=1-4160-2973-7 |edition=8th}}</ref> although it may also occur as central lesions.<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/> For unknown reasons, it often arises in relation to peripheral lung scars. The current theory is that the scar probably occurred secondary to the tumor, rather than causing the tumor.<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/> The adenocarcinoma has an increased incidence in smokers, and is the most common type of lung cancer seen in non-smokers and women.<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/> The peripheral location of adenocarcinoma in the lungs is due to the use of filters in cigarettes which prevent the larger particles from entering the lung.{{Clarify|date=April 2013}}<ref>Goljan USMLE Audio Tapes, 2001</ref><ref>British Journal of Cancer (2004) 90, 646 – 651 T Marugame et al, Filter cigarette smoking and lung cancer risk; a hospital-based
===Prevalence===
case–control study in Japan</ref> Deeper inhalation of cigarette smoke results in peripheral lesions that are often the case in adenocarcinomas of the lung. Generally, adenocarcinomas grow more slowly and form smaller masses than the other subtypes.<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/> However, they tend to form [[metastase]]s widely at an early stage.<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/> Adenocarcinoma is a [[non-small cell lung carcinoma]], and as such, it is not as responsive to [[radiation therapy]] as is [[small cell lung carcinoma]], but is rather treated surgically, for example by [[pneumonectomy]] or [[lobectomy]].<ref name=Kumar-adenocarcinoma/>
*Presently, adenocarcinoma is the most common [[Histology|histological]] subtype of lung cancer as it accounts for forty percent of all lung cancers.<ref name="wikipedia" />
*It is more common in individuals who smoke fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes.
*To view more [[Epidemiology|epidemiological]] information among [[Patient|patients]] of [[lung cancer]], please click [[Lung cancer epidemiology and demographics|'''Here''']].
 
===Age===
*[[Patient|Patients]] of all age groups may develop adenocarcinoma of the lung.<ref name="pmid19586681">{{cite journal| author=Paris C, Clement-Duchene C, Vignaud JM, Gislard A, Stoufflet A, Bertrand O et al.| title=Relationships between lung adenocarcinoma and gender, age, smoking and occupational risk factors: A case-case study. | journal=Lung Cancer | year= 2010 | volume= 68 | issue= 2 | pages= 146-53 | pmid=19586681 | doi=10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.06.007 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19586681  }} </ref>
===Gender===
*Adenocarcinoma of the lung affects men and women equally.<ref name="pmid19586681" />
===Developed Countries===
*Adenocarcinoma of the lung is more common in developed countries and is currently the most common subtype in lifelong nonsmokers and smokers.<ref name="wikipedia">Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Wikipedia 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung#Epidemiology</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:57, 6 March 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2]

Overview

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the lung is approximately 22.1 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Adenocarcinoma of the lung affects men and women equally. Patients of all age groups may develop adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the lung is approximately 22.1 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]

Prevalence

  • Presently, adenocarcinoma is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer as it accounts for forty percent of all lung cancers.[1]
  • It is more common in individuals who smoke fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lifetimes.
  • To view more epidemiological information among patients of lung cancer, please click Here.

Age

  • Patients of all age groups may develop adenocarcinoma of the lung.[2]

Gender

  • Adenocarcinoma of the lung affects men and women equally.[2]

Developed Countries

  • Adenocarcinoma of the lung is more common in developed countries and is currently the most common subtype in lifelong nonsmokers and smokers.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Wikipedia 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenocarcinoma_of_the_lung#Epidemiology
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Paris C, Clement-Duchene C, Vignaud JM, Gislard A, Stoufflet A, Bertrand O; et al. (2010). "Relationships between lung adenocarcinoma and gender, age, smoking and occupational risk factors: A case-case study". Lung Cancer. 68 (2): 146–53. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.06.007. PMID 19586681.


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