Acute bronchitis natural history: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 22:11, 5 March 2024

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Overview

Acute bronchitis is a self limited respiratory disease with an excellent prognosis which resolves within two weeks in majority of patients.

Natural History

If left untreated, acute bronchitis usually resolves within 2 weeks although it may last up to 2 months.^[1]^[2]

When bronchitis is prolonged, consider:

Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Bordetella pertussis. 13% to 32% of adolescents and adults with a cough lasting six days or more may have B. pertussis.^[3]^[4]

Also consider pneumonia and atypical pneumonia.

Complications

The most common complication of acute bronchitis is persistent cough that my last for 6 weeks.^[5] Rarely, in patients with immunosuppression or other debilitating disease, pneumonia occurs as a complication.^[6]

Prognosis

Prognosis is generally excellent and most of patients recover after 5-10 days.^[5] Recurrent episodes of acute bronchitis in subsequent years occur in 20% of patients.^[6]

References

↑ Gonzales R, Sande MA (2000). "Uncomplicated acute bronchitis". Ann. Intern. Med. 133 (12): 981–91. PMID 11119400.
↑ Landau LI (2006). "Acute and chronic cough". Paediatr Respir Rev. 7 Suppl 1: S64–7. doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2006.04.172. PMID 16798599.
↑ Hewlett EL, Edwards KM (2005). "Clinical practice. Pertussis--not just for kids". N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (12): 1215–22. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp041025. PMID 15788498.
↑ Cornia PB, Lipsky BA, Saint S, Gonzales R (2007). "Clinical problem-solving. Nothing to cough at--a 73-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of nonproductive cough that worsened at night". N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (14): 1432–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMcps062357. PMID 17914045.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Wenzel RP, Fowler AA (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (20): 2125–30. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp061493. PMID 17108344.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Albert RH (2010). "Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis". Am Fam Physician. 82 (11): 1345–50. PMID 21121518.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid11119400-1] Gonzales R, Sande MA (2000). "Uncomplicated acute bronchitis". Ann. Intern. Med. 133 (12): 981–91. PMID 11119400.

[pmid16798599-2] Landau LI (2006). "Acute and chronic cough". Paediatr Respir Rev. 7 Suppl 1: S64–7. doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2006.04.172. PMID 16798599.

[pmid15788498-3] Hewlett EL, Edwards KM (2005). "Clinical practice. Pertussis--not just for kids". N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (12): 1215–22. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp041025. PMID 15788498.

[pmid17914045-4] Cornia PB, Lipsky BA, Saint S, Gonzales R (2007). "Clinical problem-solving. Nothing to cough at--a 73-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of nonproductive cough that worsened at night". N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (14): 1432–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMcps062357. PMID 17914045.

[pmid17108344-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Wenzel RP, Fowler AA (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (20): 2125–30. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp061493. PMID 17108344.

[pmid21121518-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Albert RH (2010). "Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis". Am Fam Physician. 82 (11): 1345–50. PMID 21121518.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Acute bronchitis}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MehdiP}}
 ==Overview==
-Acute bronchitis onset and progression can be extensive lasting anywhere from 20-30 days. Acute bronchitis may lead to more serious conditions such as [[asthma]] and [[pneumonia]].
+Acute bronchitis is a self limited respiratory disease with an excellent prognosis which resolves within two weeks in majority of patients.
+==Natural History==
+If left untreated, acute bronchitis usually resolves within 2 weeks although it may last up to 2 months.<ref name="pmid11119400">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gonzales R, Sande MA |title=Uncomplicated acute bronchitis |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=133 |issue=12 |pages=981–91 |year=2000 |pmid=11119400 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16798599">{{cite journal |vauthors=Landau LI |title=Acute and chronic cough |journal=Paediatr Respir Rev |volume=7 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S64–7 |year=2006 |pmid=16798599 |doi=10.1016/j.prrv.2006.04.172 |url=}}</ref>
-==Prognosis==
+When bronchitis is prolonged, consider:
-Acute bronchitis usually lasts approximately 20 or 30 days. It may accompany or closely follow a cold or the flu, or  may occur on its own. Bronchitis usually begins with a dry cough, including waking the sufferer at night. After a few days it progresses to a wetter or productive cough, which may be accompanied by fever, fatigue, and headache. The fever, fatigue, and malaise may last only a few days; but the wet cough may last up to several weeks.
+* [[Mycoplasma pneumonia]]
+* [[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]
+* [[Bordetella pertussis]]. 13% to 32% of adolescents and adults with a cough lasting six days or more may have ''B. pertussis''.<ref name="pmid15788498">{{cite journal |author=Hewlett EL, Edwards KM |title=Clinical practice. Pertussis--not just for kids |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=352 |issue=12 |pages=1215–22 |year=2005 |pmid=15788498 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp041025}}</ref><ref name="pmid17914045">{{cite journal |author=Cornia PB, Lipsky BA, Saint S, Gonzales R |title=Clinical problem-solving. Nothing to cough at--a 73-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of nonproductive cough that worsened at night |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=357 |issue=14 |pages=1432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17914045 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcps062357}}</ref>
-Should the cough last longer than a month, some doctors may issue a referral to an otolaryngologist (ear, nose and throat doctor) to see if a condition other than bronchitis is causing the irritation. It is possible that having irritated bronchial tubes for as long as a few months may inspire asthmatic conditions in some patients.
+Also consider [[pneumonia]] and [[atypical pneumonia]].
-In addition, if one starts coughing  mucus tinged with blood, one should see a doctor. In rare cases, doctors may conduct tests to see if the cause is a serious condition such as [[tuberculosis]] or [[lung cancer]].
+==Complications==
+The most common complication of acute bronchitis is persistent [[cough]] that my last for 6 weeks.<ref name="pmid17108344">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wenzel RP, Fowler AA |title=Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=20 |pages=2125–30 |year=2006 |pmid=17108344 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp061493 |url=}}</ref> Rarely, in patients with [[immunosuppression]] or other debilitating disease, [[pneumonia]] occurs as a complication.<ref name="pmid21121518">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert RH |title=Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1345–50 |year=2010 |pmid=21121518 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-Acute bronchitis may lead to [[asthma]] or [[pneumonia]].
+==Prognosis==
+Prognosis is generally excellent and most of patients recover after 5-10 days.<ref name="pmid17108344">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wenzel RP, Fowler AA |title=Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=20 |pages=2125–30 |year=2006 |pmid=17108344 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp061493 |url=}}</ref> Recurrent episodes of acute bronchitis in subsequent years occur in 20% of patients.<ref name="pmid21121518">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert RH |title=Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1345–50 |year=2010 |pmid=21121518 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 == References ==
 {{reflist|2}}
@@ Line 26: / Line 31: @@
 {{WikiDoc Sources}}
-[[Category:Inflammations]]
 [[Category:Pulmonology]]
-[[Category:General practice]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
-[[Category:Overview complete]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
+[[Category:Infectious disease]]