Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

Revision as of 01:39, 24 October 2017 by Mmir (talk | contribs) (Category)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Acoustic neuroma Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Acoustic neuroma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology On the Web

Most recent articles

cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

CDC on Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology in the news

Blogs on Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Acoustic neuroma

Risk calculators and risk factors for Acoustic neuroma pathophysiology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Acoustic neuroma arises from Schwann cells, which are the cells that are normally involved in the conduction of nervous impulses along axons, nerve development and regeneration. On microscopic histopathological analysis, acoustic neuroma may display two types of growth patterns Antoni type A and Antoni type B.[1] Antoni type A growth pattern is composed of elongated cells with cytoplasmic process arranged in fascicles, little stromal matrix and verocay bodies. Antoni type B growth pattern is composed of loose meshwork of cells, less densely cellular matrix, microcysts and myxoid change.

Pathophysiology

Acoustic neuromas are benign tumors (WHO grade 1), which usually arise from the intracanalicular segment of the vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII), near the transition point between glial and Schwann cells (Obersteiner-Redlich zone). An acoustic neuroma arises from a type of cell known as the Schwann cell. These cells form an insulating layer over all nerves of the peripheral nervous system (i.e., nerves outside of the central nervous system) including the eighth cranial nerve. The eighth cranial nerve is separated into two branches the cochlear branch, which transmits sound to the brain and the vestibular branch, which transmits balance information to the brain. Most acoustic neuromas occur on the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve. Because these tumors are made up of Schwann cells, and usually occur on the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve, many physicians prefer the use of the term vestibular schwannoma. However, the term acoustic neuroma is still used more often in the medical literature.[1] They are well circumscribed encapsulated masses, which unlike neuromas, arise from but are separate from nerve fibers, which they usually splay and displace rather than incorporated.

Microscopic Pathology

They can display two types of growth patterns:

  • Antoni A
  • Antoni B
    • Loose meshwork of cells
    • Less densely cellular
    • Microcysts and myxoid change
Schwannoma showing Antoni A and Antoni B cells

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Acoustic Schwannoma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/acoustic-schwannoma Accessed on October 2 2015


Template:WikiDoc Sources