ATF4

Activating transcription factor 4 (tax-responsive enhancer element B67)
PDB rendering based on 1ci6.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ci6​
Identifiers
Symbols	ATF4 ; CREB-2; CREB2; TAXREB67; TXREB
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 1266
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Activating transcription factor 4 (tax-responsive enhancer element B67), also known as ATF4, is a human gene.

This gene encodes a transcription factor that was originally identified as a widely expressed mammalian DNA binding protein that could bind a tax-responsive enhancer element in the LTR of HTLV-1. The encoded protein was also isolated and characterized as the cAMP-response element binding protein 2 (CREB-2). The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a family of DNA-binding proteins that includes the AP-1 family of transcription factors, cAMP-response element binding proteins (CREBs) and CREB-like proteins. These transcription factors share a leucine zipper region that is involved in protein-protein interactions, located C-terminal to a stretch of basic amino acids that functions as a DNA binding domain. Two alternative transcripts encoding the same protein have been described. Two pseudogenes are located on the X chromsome at q28 in a region containing a large inverted duplication.

See also

• Activating transcription factor

Further reading

• Rutkowski DT, Kaufman RJ (2003). "All roads lead to ATF4". Dev. Cell. 4 (4): 442–4. PMID 12689582.
• Nishizawa M, Nagata S (1992). "cDNA clones encoding leucine-zipper proteins which interact with G-CSF gene promoter element 1-binding protein". FEBS Lett. 299 (1): 36–8. PMID 1371974.
• Karpinski BA, Morle GD, Huggenvik J; et al. (1992). "Molecular cloning of human CREB-2: an ATF/CREB transcription factor that can negatively regulate transcription from the cAMP response element". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (11): 4820–4. PMID 1534408.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hai T, Curran T (1991). "Cross-family dimerization of transcription factors Fos/Jun and ATF/CREB alters DNA binding specificity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (9): 3720–4. PMID 1827203.
• Tsujimoto A, Nyunoya H, Morita T; et al. (1991). "Isolation of cDNAs for DNA-binding proteins which specifically bind to a tax-responsive enhancer element in the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type I.". J. Virol. 65 (3): 1420–6. PMID 1847461.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hai TW, Liu F, Coukos WJ, Green MR (1990). "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers". Genes Dev. 3 (12B): 2083–90. PMID 2516827.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kokame K, Kato H, Miyata T (1997). "Homocysteine-respondent genes in vascular endothelial cells identified by differential display analysis. GRP78/BiP and novel genes". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (47): 29659–65. PMID 8939898.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Reddy TR, Tang H, Li X, Wong-Staal F (1997). "Functional interaction of the HTLV-1 transactivator Tax with activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4)". Oncogene. 14 (23): 2785–92. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201119. PMID 9190894.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Liang G, Hai T (1997). "Characterization of human activating transcription factor 4, a transcriptional activator that interacts with multiple domains of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (38): 24088–95. PMID 9295363.
• Kawai T, Matsumoto M, Takeda K; et al. (1998). "ZIP kinase, a novel serine/threonine kinase which mediates apoptosis". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (3): 1642–51. PMID 9488481.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Outinen PA, Sood SK, Pfeifer SI; et al. (1999). "Homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and growth arrest leads to specific changes in gene expression in human vascular endothelial cells". Blood. 94 (3): 959–67. PMID 10419887.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA; et al. (1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Podust LM, Krezel AM, Kim Y (2001). "Crystal structure of the CCAAT box/enhancer-binding protein beta activating transcription factor-4 basic leucine zipper heterodimer in the absence of DNA". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (1): 505–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005594200. PMID 11018027.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Murphy P, Kolstø A (2001). "Expression of the bZIP transcription factor TCF11 and its potential dimerization partners during development". Mech. Dev. 97 (1–2): 141–8. PMID 11025215.
• White JH, McIllhinney RA, Wise A; et al. (2001). "The GABAB receptor interacts directly with the related transcription factors CREB2 and ATFx". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (25): 13967–72. doi:10.1073/pnas.240452197. PMID 11087824.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• He CH, Gong P, Hu B; et al. (2001). "Identification of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) as an Nrf2-interacting protein. Implication for heme oxygenase-1 gene regulation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (24): 20858–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101198200. PMID 11274184.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Siu F, Bain PJ, LeBlanc-Chaffin R; et al. (2002). "ATF4 is a mediator of the nutrient-sensing response pathway that activates the human asparagine synthetase gene". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24120–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201959200. PMID 11960987.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bowers AJ, Scully S, Boylan JF (2003). "SKIP3, a novel Drosophila tribbles ortholog, is overexpressed in human tumors and is regulated by hypoxia". Oncogene. 22 (18): 2823–35. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206367. PMID 12743605.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

• ATF4+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.