Coronary artery bypass surgery hormonal manipulation

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Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Pathophysiology

Saphenous Vein Graft Disease
Other Non-Atherosclerotic Saphenous Vein Graft Diseases

Indications for CABG

Prognosis

Diagnosis

Imaging in the Patient Undergoing CABG

Chest X Ray

Angiography

CT Angiography
MRI Angiography

Trans-Esophageal Echocardiography

Treatment

Goals of Treatment

Perioperative Management

Perioperative Monitoring

Electrocardiographic Monitoring
Pulmonary Artery Catheterization
Central Nervous System Monitoring

Surgical Procedure

Anesthetic Considerations
Intervention in left main coronary artery disease
The Traditional Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Procedure (Simplified)
Minimally Invasive CABG
Hybrid coronary revascularization
Conduits Used for Bypass
Videos on Spahenous Vein Graft Harvesting
Videos on Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Post-Operative Care and Complications

Pharmacotherapy in patients undergoing CABG CABG

Special Scenarios

Anomalous Coronary Arteries
COPD/Respiratory Insufficiency
Existing Renal Disease
Concomitant Valvular Disease
Previous Cardiac Surgery
Menopause
Carotid Disease evaluation before surgery

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]

ACCF/AHA Guidelines for Hormonal Manipulation in Patients Undergoing CABG[1]

Class I

1. Use of continuous intravenous insulin to achieve and maintain an early postoperative blood glucose concentration less than or equal to 180 mg/dL while avoiding hypoglycemia is indicated to reduce the incidence of adverse events, including deep sternal wound infection, after CABG.[2][3][4] (Level of Evidence: B)

Class IIb

The use of continuous intravenous insulin designed to achieve a target intraoperative blood glucose concentration less than 140 mg/dL has uncertain effectiveness.[5][6][7] (Level of Evidence: B)

Class III: HARM

Postmenopausal hormonal therapy (estrogen/progesterone) should not be administered to women undergoing CABG.[8][9][10] (Level of Evidence: B)

Guidelines Resources

  • 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG; et al. (2011). "2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". Circulation. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e. PMID 22064599.
  2. Furnary AP, Gao G, Grunkemeier GL, Wu Y, Zerr KJ, Bookin SO, Floten HS, Starr A (2003). "Continuous insulin infusion reduces mortality in patients with diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 125 (5): 1007–21. doi:10.1067/mtc.2003.181. PMID 12771873. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. Ingels C, Debaveye Y, Milants I, Buelens E, Peeraer A, Devriendt Y, Vanhoutte T, Van Damme A, Schetz M, Wouters PJ, Van den Berghe G (2006). "Strict blood glucose control with insulin during intensive care after cardiac surgery: impact on 4-years survival, dependency on medical care, and quality-of-life". European Heart Journal. 27 (22): 2716–24. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi855. PMID 16608860. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Verwaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, Vlasselaers D, Ferdinande P, Lauwers P, Bouillon R (2001). "Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients". The New England Journal of Medicine. 345 (19): 1359–67. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa011300. PMID 11794168. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. Butterworth J, Wagenknecht LE, Legault C, Zaccaro DJ, Kon ND, Hammon JW, Rogers AT, Troost BT, Stump DA, Furberg CD, Coker LH (2005). "Attempted control of hyperglycemia during cardiopulmonary bypass fails to improve neurologic or neurobehavioral outcomes in patients without diabetes mellitus undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting". The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 130 (5): 1319. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.02.049. PMID 16256784. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. Duncan AE, Abd-Elsayed A, Maheshwari A, Xu M, Soltesz E, Koch CG (2010). "Role of intraoperative and postoperative blood glucose concentrations in predicting outcomes after cardiac surgery". Anesthesiology. 112 (4): 860–71. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181d3d4b4. PMID 20216389. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  7. Gandhi GY, Nuttall GA, Abel MD, Mullany CJ, Schaff HV, O'Brien PC, Johnson MG, Williams AR, Cutshall SM, Mundy LM, Rizza RA, McMahon MM (2007). "Intensive intraoperative insulin therapy versus conventional glucose management during cardiac surgery: a randomized trial". Annals of Internal Medicine. 146 (4): 233–43. PMID 17310047. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  8. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, Vittinghoff E (1998). "Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group". JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 280 (7): 605–13. PMID 9718051. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  9. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, LaCroix AZ, Kooperberg C, Stefanick ML, Jackson RD, Beresford SA, Howard BV, Johnson KC, Kotchen JM, Ockene J (2002). "Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial". JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 288 (3): 321–33. PMID 12117397. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. Ouyang P, Tardif JC, Herrington DM, Stewart KJ, Thompson PD, Walsh MN, Bennett SK, Heldman AW, Tayback MA, Wang NY (2006). "Randomized trial of hormone therapy in women after coronary bypass surgery. Evidence of differential effect of hormone therapy on angiographic progression of disease in saphenous vein grafts and native coronary arteries". Atherosclerosis. 189 (2): 375–86. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.12.015. PMID 16442114. Retrieved 2011-12-14. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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