Angiodysplasia physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nikita Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

On physical examination, signs of iron deficiency anemia can be found in patients with occult bleeding. In addition, a systolic ejection murmur can be heard if angiodysplasia is associated with aortic stenosis.

Physical Examination

On physical examination, signs of iron deficiency anemia[1] can be found in patients with occult bleeding like:

Appearance of the Patient

  • Clinical presentation of a patient with angiodysplasia varies according to blood loss.
  • Patients with chronic, occult blood loss may appear pale, tired, depressed, and lethargic.

Skin

  • Skin changes like rough or dry skin may be seen.
  • Nail changes like koilonychia may be present
  • Hair loss (rare)

HEENT

  • Conjunctival pallor, atrophic glossitis,[2] cheilosis may be seen

Lungs

  • Pulmonary examination of patients with angiodysplasia is usually normal.

Heart

Abdomen/Pelvis

  • Abdominal examination of patients with angiodysplasia is usually normal. In some cases, however, a lower abdominal/pelvic mass may be the only clue for the diagnosis.

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with angiodysplasia is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with angiodysplasia is usually normal.

References

  1. Auerbach M, Adamson JW (2016). "How we diagnose and treat iron deficiency anemia". Am J Hematol. 91 (1): 31–8. doi:10.1002/ajh.24201. PMID 26408108.
  2. Osaki T, Ueta E, Arisawa K, Kitamura Y, Matsugi N (1999). "The pathophysiology of glossal pain in patients with iron deficiency and anemia". Am J Med Sci. 318 (5): 324–9. doi:10.1097/00000441-199911000-00007. PMID 10555095.

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