Sanbox:HL

Pathophysiology

• The main pathological feature of Hogkin's lymphoma is the Reed-Sternberg cells which is created mainly due to activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) transcription factor-signaling pathway. The improper activation of the (NF-kB) system proteins is correlated with many neoplasms.
• NF-kB is degraded normally by "I kappa B (IkB)" family in order to prevent the unwanted stimulation and neoplasm formation. However, there are specific cellular proteins which lead to inactivation of the (IkB). So, by inactivating the (IkB), the NF-kB transcription factors will not be degraded and leads to gene transcriptions activation.
• In Hodgkin's lymphoma, there are elevated levels of the NF-kB proteins especially c-REL and REL-A.