Undifferentiated connective tissue disease pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.

The exact pathogenesis of undifferentiated connective tissue disorder(UCTD) is not fully understood.^[1]
It is understood that UCTD is the result of autoimmune process and occurs in phases.^[2]
- Initial phase: Asymptomatic and absence of auto-antibodies
- Second phase: Presence of auto-antibodies
The second phase is usually triggered by the environmental factors, usually infection.
Auto-antibodies appear before the symptoms of the disease.The time between the two is variable.
Autoantibodies usually seen in UCTD with positive correlation are antibodies against:^[3]
- C1q
- Anti heat shock protein(hsp)-65
- Anti hsp 60
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.

[Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.

On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

↑ Mosca M, Neri R, Bombardieri S (1999). "Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTD): a review of the literature and a proposal for preliminary classification criteria". Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 17 (5): 615–20. PMID 10544849.
↑ Bizzaro N, Tozzoli R, Shoenfeld Y (June 2007). "Are we at a stage to predict autoimmune rheumatic diseases?". Arthritis Rheum. 56 (6): 1736–44. doi:10.1002/art.22708. PMID 17530702.
↑ Horváth L, Czirják L, Fekete B, Jakab L, Prohászka Z, Cervenak L, Romics L, Singh M, Daha MR, Füst G (January 2001). "Levels of antibodies against C1q and 60 kDa family of heat shock proteins in the sera of patients with various autoimmune diseases". Immunol. Lett. 75 (2): 103–9. PMID 11137133.