Botulism history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Michael Maddaleni, B.S.

Overview

History and Symptoms

Botulism patients present with rapidly progressive neuromuscular malfunction. They can give history of eating rotten food specially fish in adults and honey in the children.

Adult botulism Infant botulism
Most common symptoms The most common symptoms of botulism include the following:[1]
  • Double vision
  • Blurred vision
  • Drooping eyelids
  • Slurred speech
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Dry mouth
  • Muscle weakness
Infants less than 12 months of age are susceptible, with 95% of cases occurring between the ages of 3 weeks and 6 months of age at presentation. The mode of action of this form is through colonization by germinating spores in the gut of an infant. Symptoms include:
  • Constipation
  • Generalized weakness
  • Loss of head control and difficulty feeding
  • Like the other forms of botulism, the symptoms are caused by the absorption of botulinum toxin, and typically progress to a symmetric descending flaccid paralysis. Death is the eventual outcome unless the infant receives artificial ventilation.
Less common symptoms

Food-borne and Wound Botulism

In all cases illness is caused by the toxin made by C. botulinum, not by the bacterium itself. The pattern of damage occurs because the toxin affects nerves that are firing more often.[2]

References

  1. CDC https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/symptoms.html Accessed on May 19, 2017
  2. Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 4th Ed., Section 7.55

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