Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Overview
The following stages are used for Laryngeal cancer cancer:[1]
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Stage
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Features
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- Stage 0
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- Stage 1
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- Stage I laryngeal cancer depends on where cancer began in the larynx:
- Supraglottis: Cancer is in one area of the supraglottis only and the vocal cords can move normally
- Glottis: Cancer is in one or both vocal cords and the vocal cords can move normally
- Subglottis: Cancer is in the subglottis only
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- Stage 2
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- Stage II laryngeal cancer depends on loaction of cancer in the larynx:
- Supraglottis: Cancer is in more than one area of the supraglottis or surrounding tissues
- Glottis: Cancer has spread to the supraglottis and/or the subglottis and/or the vocal cords cannot move normally
- Subglottis: Cancer has spread to one or both vocal cords, which may not move normally
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- Stage 3
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- Stage III laryngeal cancer depends on whether cancer has spread from the supraglottis, glottis, or subglottis
- Stage III cancer of the supraglottis:
- Cancer is in the larynx only and the vocal cords cannot move
- Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller.
- or
- Cancer is in one area of the supraglottis and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor
- The lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller and the vocal cords can move normally
- or
- Cancer is in more than one area of the supraglottis or surrounding tissues and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor
- The lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller.
- Stage III cancer of the glottis:
- Cancer is in the larynx only and the vocal cords cannot move
- Cancer is in tissues next to the larynx
- Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
- or
- Cancer is in one or both vocal cords and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor
- The lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller and the vocal cords can move normally
- or
- Cancer has spread to the supraglottis or the subglottis or the vocal cords cannot move normally
- Cancer has also spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
- Stage III cancer of the subglottis:
- Cancer is in the larynx and the vocal cords cannot move
- Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
- or
- Cancer is in the subglottis and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor
- The lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
- or
- Cancer has spread to one or both vocal cords, which may not move normally
- Cancer has also spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
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- Stage 4A
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- Cancer has spread through the thyroid cartilage and has spread to tissues beyond the larynx such as the neck, trachea, thyroid, or esophagus
- Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller
- or
- Cancer has spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is larger than 3 centimeters but not larger than 6 centimeters
- or Has spread to more than one lymph node anywhere in the neck with none larger than 6 centimeters
- Cancer may have spread to tissues beyond the larynx, such as the neck, trachea, thyroid, or esophagus
- The vocal cords may not move normally
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- Stage 4B
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- Cancer has spread to the space in front of the spinal column, surrounds the carotid artery, or has spread to parts of the chest
- Cancer may have spread to one or more lymph nodes anywhere in the neck and the lymph nodes may be any size
- or
- Cancer has spread to a lymph node that is larger than 6 centimeters and may have spread as far as the space in front of the spinal column, around the carotid artery, or to parts of the chest
- The vocal cords may not move normally
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- Stage 4C
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- Cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs, liver, or bone
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References