Mitral stenosis resident survival guide

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Definition

Mitral stenosis refers to abnormal narrowing of mitral orifice which leads to obstruction of blood flow from left atrium to left ventricle and development of a pressure gradient between the two chambers.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

• Infective endocarditis

Common Causes

• Congenital
• Infective endocarditis
• Mitral annular calcification
• Rheumatic fever

Management

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the approach to [[disease name]].

Characterize the symptoms: ❑ Exercise intolerance ❑ Dyspnea on exertion ❑ Palpitations ❑ Orthopnoea ❑ Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea ❑ Hoarseness ❑ Cough ❑ Hemoptysis ❑ Thromboembolism ❑ Respiratory infections ❑ Fatigue ❑ Right heart failure signs: ❑ Peripheral edema ❑ Ascites ❑ Hepatomegaly

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References

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