Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include decreased platelets, fibrin degradation products or D-dimer tests (markers of fibrinolysis), bleeding time and fibrinogen levels. Peripheral smear shows schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%, mild reticulocytosis, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover). Clotting factors include normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin), elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products. D-dimer more sensitive and specific for DIC. Antithrombin levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC.

Laboratory findings

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include:[1]

Full blood count:

Peripheral smear

Clotting factors

References

  1. Venugopal A (September 2014). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation". Indian J Anaesth. 58 (5): 603–8. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.144666. PMC 4260307. PMID 25535423.
  2. Meriwether WD, Thompson JN (May 1971). "Laboratory diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) using simple laboratory tests". South. Med. J. 64 (5): 621–3. PMID 5573083.
  3. Favaloro EJ (June 2010). "Laboratory testing in disseminated intravascular coagulation". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 36 (4): 458–67. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1254055. PMID 20614398.
  4. Levi M, Meijers JC (January 2011). "DIC: which laboratory tests are most useful". Blood Rev. 25 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1016/j.blre.2010.09.002. PMID 20950905.


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