Myxedema coma natural history, complications, and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

If left untreated, myxedema coma can be fatal leading to death. Common complications of myxedema coma include treatment-induced congestive heart failure in patients with coronary artery disease, increased susceptibility to infection and organic psychosis with paranoia. The mortality rate in myxedema coma is 20% to 25% despite aggressive therapy.

Natural History

If left untreated, myxedema coma is fatal. It may lead to muscle failure including heart failure, decreased respiratory drive and other features associated with hypothyroidism and complications like encephalopathy.

Complications

Common complications of myxedema coma include:

Prognosis

Factors suggesting a poor prognosis

References

  1. Wall CR (2000). "Myxedema coma: diagnosis and treatment". Am Fam Physician. 62 (11): 2485–90. PMID 11130234.
  2. Aoki C, Kasai K (2012). "[The diagnosis and treatment of myxedema coma]". Nippon Rinsho (in Japanese). 70 (11): 1995–9. PMID 23214074.