Chronic hypertension history and symptoms

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Hypertension Main page

Overview

Causes

Classification

Primary Hypertension
Secondary Hypertension
Hypertensive Emergency
Hypertensive Urgency

Screening

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian

Overview

Thorough history-taking is crucial for the diagnosis and assessment of hypertension. Not only should history-taking be targeted to identify symptoms consistent with high blood pressure, but more importantly it should address risk factors and target organ damage. History-taking alone may be sufficient to diagnose some causes of secondary hypertension, such as drug-induced hypertension, and may allow a more targeted evaluation of the cause and treatment of the hypertension.

Symptoms of Hypertension

Most patients with hypertension are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Common symptoms are listed below:

Symptoms Suggestive of Secondary Hypertension

Other symptoms that might suggest secondary etiologies of hypertension include:

Assess Risk Factors


Symptoms of Target Organ Damage

Eyes

Heart

Kidneys

Brain

2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines For The Management of Arterial Hypertension (DO NOT EDIT)[3]

Summary of Recommendations on History (DO NOT EDIT)[3]

Class I
"1. It is recommended to obtain a comprehensive medical history and physical examination in all patients with hypertension to verify the diagnosis, detect causes of secondary hypertension, record CV risk factors, and to identify OD and other CVDs.. (Level of Evidence: C)"
"2. Obtaining a family history is recommended to investigate familial predisposition to hypertension and CVDs.(Level of Evidence: B)"

References

  1. Yudofsky, Stuart C. (2007). The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Pub, Inc. ISBN 1585622397. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)
  2. Onusko E (2003). "Diagnosing secondary hypertension". Am Fam Physician. 67 (1): 67–74. PMID 12537168.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Authors/Task Force Members. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A; et al. (2013). "2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)". Eur Heart J. 34 (28): 2159–219. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht151. PMID 23771844.

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