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| __NOTOC__
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| {{Divalproex sodium}}
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| {{Main|Valproate}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| '''''For patient information about Valproic acid, click [[Valproic Acid (patient information)|here]].'''''
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| {{SB}} Depakote<sup>®</sup>, Depakote ER<sup>®</sup>, Depakote Sprinkles<sup>®</sup>
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Valproic acid''' ('''VPA, Valproate'''), an [[acid]]ic [[chemical compound]], has found clinical use as an [[anticonvulsant]] and [[mood stabilizer|mood-stabilizing]] [[medication|drug]], primarily in the treatment of [[epilepsy]], [[bipolar disorder]], and, less commonly, [[major depressive disorder|major depression]]. It is also used to treat [[migraine headache|migraine]] [[headache]]s. VPA is a liquid at room temperature, but it can be reacted with a base such as sodium hydroxide to form the salt [[sodium valproate]], which is a solid. The acid, salt, or a mixture of the two ([[valproate semisodium]]) are marketed under the various brand names Depakote, Depakote ER, Depakene, Depakine, Depakine Crono (extended release in Spain), Depacon, Dépakine, Valparin, and Stavzor.
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| Approved uses of the various formulations vary by country; e.g., valproate semisodium is used as a mood stabilizer and also in the US as an anticonvulsant.
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| VPA is a [[histone deacetylase inhibitor]] and is under investigation for treatment of HIV and various cancers.<ref>{{cite pmid|22318143}}</ref>
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| ==FDA Package Insert==
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| ====DEPAKOTE (divalproex sodium) tablet, delayed release====
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| ''' [[Divalproex sodium indications and usage|Indications and Usage]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium dosage forms and strengths|Dosage Forms and Strengths]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium contraindications|Contraindications]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium warnings and precautions|Warnings and Precautions]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium adverse reactions|Adverse Reactions]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium use in specific populations|Use in Specific Populations]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium overdosage|Overdosage]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium description|Description]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium clinical pharmacology|Clinical Pharmacology]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium nonclinical toxicology|Nonclinical Toxicology]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium clinical studies|Clinical Studies]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium how supplied storage and handling|How Supplied/Storage and Handling]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium patient counseling information|Patient Counseling Information]]'''
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| '''| [[Divalproex sodium labels and packages|Labels and Packages]]'''
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| {|
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| | [[File:Ds01.png|800px|thumb]]
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| ==Mechanism of Action==
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| Valproate is believed to affect the function of the [[neurotransmitter]] [[GABA]] in the human brain, making it an alternative to [[Lithium pharmacology|lithium salt]]s in treatment of bipolar disorder. Its mechanism of action includes enhanced neurotransmission of GABA (by inhibiting [[GABA transaminase]], which breaks down GABA). However, several other mechanisms of action in neuropsychiatric disorders have been proposed for valproic acid in recent years.<ref>{{cite pmid|17514356}}</ref>
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| Valproic acid also blocks [[voltage-gated sodium channel]]s and [[T-type calcium channels]]. These mechanisms make valproic acid a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant drug.
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| Valproic acid is an [[Enzyme inhibitor|inhibitor]] of the [[enzyme]] [[histone deacetylase 1]] (HDAC1), hence it is a [[histone deacetylase inhibitor]].
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Antimigraine drugs]]
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| [[Category:Anticonvulsants]]
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