Sandbox/AL: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:02, 22 May 2014

SAMPLE

▸ Click on the following categories to expand treatment regimens.

Title

▸ Subtitle

Table 1
Preferred Regimen
▸
PLUS
▸
Alternative Regimen
▸

Table 2
Preferred Regimen
▸
PLUS
▸
Alternative Regimen
▸

Medical Therapy Based on the Drug Adapted from Lancet. 2008;371(9609):329–339. ^[1]

▸ Click on the following categories to expand treatment regimens.

Croup Medical Therapy

▸ Glucocorticoids

▸ Epinephrine

▸ Oxygen

▸ Mist Therapy

▸ Antibiotics

▸ Heliox

Glucocorticoids
Mild to Moderate Croup
▸ Dexamethasone 0.60 mg/kg PO/IM/IV, single dose (max. 10 mg) OR ▸ Budesonide 2mg nebulized
Severe Croup
▸ Dexamethasone 0.60 mg/kg IM/IV, single dose OR ▸ Budesonide 2mg nebulized

Epinephrine
Mild Croup
There are no indications of nebulized epinephrine for Mild Croup
Moderate to Severe Croup
▸ Nebulized racemic epinephrine (2.25%) 0.05 mL/kg (max. 0.5mL) in 3mL of normal saline for 15 min OR ▸ Nebulized L-epinephrine 0.5mL/kg (max 5mL) for 15 min Repeat as needed

Oxygen
▸ Humidified oxygen should be given to patients with hypoxia or severe respiratory distress

Mist Therapy

▸

Antibiotics
▸ Antibiotic are not indicated to treat viral croup ▸ Antibiotics are use for complications, such as bacterial tracheitis or epiglottitis

Heliox
▸ There is no sufficient data that recommends the general use of heliox in patients with croup.^[2]^[3]^[4]
▸ Some studies have shown a short-term benefit of heliox inhalation in children with moderate to severe croup.^[5]^[6]

Medical Therapy Based on the Severity Adapted from Pediatric Pulmonology 49:421–429 (2014) ^[7]

▸ Click on the following categories to expand treatment regimens.

Croup Medical Therapy

▸ Mild

▸ Moderate

▸ Severe

Mild
▸ Dexamethasone 0.60 mg/kg PO single dose (max. 10 mg) OR ▸ Budesonide 2mg nebulized

Moderate
▸ Nebulized racemic epinephrine (2.25%) 0.05 mL/kg (max. 0.5mL) in 3mL of normal saline for 15 min OR ▸ Nebulized L-epinephrine 0.5mL/kg (max 5mL) for 15 min Repeat as needed
PLUS
▸ Dexamethasone 0.60 mg/kg PO/IM single dose (max. 10 mg) OR ▸ Budesonide 2mg nebulized

Severe
▸ Nebulized racemic epinephrine (2.25%) 0.05 mL/kg (max. 0.5mL) in 3mL of normal saline for 15 min OR ▸ Nebulized L-epinephrine 0.5mL/kg (max 5mL) for 15 min Repeat as needed
PLUS
▸ Dexamethasone 0.60 mg/kg IM/IV single dose (max. 10 mg)
AND
▸ Hospital admission

↑ Bjornson, Candice L; Johnson, David W (2008). "Croup". The Lancet. 371 (9609): 329–339. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60170-1. ISSN 0140-6736.
↑ Weber, J. E.; Chudnofsky, C. R.; Younger, J. G.; Larkin, G. L.; Boczar, M.; Wilkerson, M. D.; Zuriekat, G. Y.; Nolan, B.; Eicke, D. M. (2001). "A Randomized Comparison of Helium-Oxygen Mixture (Heliox) and Racemic Epinephrine for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Croup". PEDIATRICS. 107 (6): e96–e96. doi:10.1542/peds.107.6.e96. ISSN 0031-4005.
↑ Beckmann, Kathleen R.; Brueggemann, William Martin (2000). "HELIOX TREATMENT OF SEVERE CROUP". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 18 (6): 735–736. doi:10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90309-7. ISSN 0735-6757.
↑ Gupta, Vineet K.; Cheifetz, Ira M. (2005). "Heliox administration in the pediatric intensive care unit: An evidence-based review". Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 6 (2): 204–211. doi:10.1097/01.PCC.0000154946.62733.94. ISSN 1529-7535.
↑ Irene Moraa, Nancy Sturman, Treasure McGuire & Mieke L. van Driel (2013). "Heliox for croup in children". The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 12: CD006822. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006822.pub4. PMID 24318607.
↑ Sarah Kline-Krammes, Christina Reed, John S. Jr Giuliano, Hamilton P. Schwartz, Michael Forbes, John Pope, James Besunder, Michael D. Gothard, Kerry Russell & Michael T. Bigham (2012). "Heliox in children with croup: a strategy to hasten improvement". Air medical journal. 31 (3): 131–137. doi:10.1016/j.amj.2011.08.004. PMID 22541348. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Petrocheilou, Argyri; Tanou, Kalliopi; Kalampouka, Efthimia; Malakasioti, Georgia; Giannios, Christos; Kaditis, Athanasios G. (2014). "Viral croup: Diagnosis and a treatment algorithm". Pediatric Pulmonology. 49 (5): 421–429. doi:10.1002/ppul.22993. ISSN 8755-6863.

[BjornsonJohnson2008-1] Bjornson, Candice L; Johnson, David W (2008). "Croup". The Lancet. 371 (9609): 329–339. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60170-1. ISSN 0140-6736.

[WeberChudnofsky2001-2] Weber, J. E.; Chudnofsky, C. R.; Younger, J. G.; Larkin, G. L.; Boczar, M.; Wilkerson, M. D.; Zuriekat, G. Y.; Nolan, B.; Eicke, D. M. (2001). "A Randomized Comparison of Helium-Oxygen Mixture (Heliox) and Racemic Epinephrine for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Croup". PEDIATRICS. 107 (6): e96–e96. doi:10.1542/peds.107.6.e96. ISSN 0031-4005.

[BeckmannBrueggemann2000-3] Beckmann, Kathleen R.; Brueggemann, William Martin (2000). "HELIOX TREATMENT OF SEVERE CROUP". The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 18 (6): 735–736. doi:10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90309-7. ISSN 0735-6757.

[GuptaCheifetz2005-4] Gupta, Vineet K.; Cheifetz, Ira M. (2005). "Heliox administration in the pediatric intensive care unit: An evidence-based review". Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 6 (2): 204–211. doi:10.1097/01.PCC.0000154946.62733.94. ISSN 1529-7535.

[5] Irene Moraa, Nancy Sturman, Treasure McGuire & Mieke L. van Driel (2013). "Heliox for croup in children". The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 12: CD006822. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006822.pub4. PMID 24318607.

[6] Sarah Kline-Krammes, Christina Reed, John S. Jr Giuliano, Hamilton P. Schwartz, Michael Forbes, John Pope, James Besunder, Michael D. Gothard, Kerry Russell & Michael T. Bigham (2012). "Heliox in children with croup: a strategy to hasten improvement". Air medical journal. 31 (3): 131–137. doi:10.1016/j.amj.2011.08.004. PMID 22541348. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[PetrocheilouTanou2014-7] Petrocheilou, Argyri; Tanou, Kalliopi; Kalampouka, Efthimia; Malakasioti, Georgia; Giannios, Christos; Kaditis, Athanasios G. (2014). "Viral croup: Diagnosis and a treatment algorithm". Pediatric Pulmonology. 49 (5): 421–429. doi:10.1002/ppul.22993. ISSN 8755-6863.

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@@ Line 180: / Line 180: @@
 ! style="height: 30px; line-height: 30px; background: #4479BA; border: 0px; font-size: 100%; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" align=center | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Heliox}}
 |-
-| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ There is a short-term benefit of heliox inhalation in children with moderate to severe croup.<ref>{{Cite journal
+| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ There is no sufficient data that recommends the general use of heliox in patients with croup.<ref name="WeberChudnofsky2001">{{cite journal|last1=Weber|first1=J. E.|last2=Chudnofsky|first2=C. R.|last3=Younger|first3=J. G.|last4=Larkin|first4=G. L.|last5=Boczar|first5=M.|last6=Wilkerson|first6=M. D.|last7=Zuriekat|first7=G. Y.|last8=Nolan|first8=B.|last9=Eicke|first9=D. M.|title=A Randomized Comparison of Helium-Oxygen Mixture (Heliox) and Racemic Epinephrine for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Croup|journal=PEDIATRICS|volume=107|issue=6|year=2001|pages=e96–e96|issn=0031-4005|doi=10.1542/peds.107.6.e96}}</ref><ref name="BeckmannBrueggemann2000">{{cite journal|last1=Beckmann|first1=Kathleen R.|last2=Brueggemann|first2=William Martin|title=HELIOX TREATMENT OF SEVERE CROUP|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|volume=18|issue=6|year=2000|pages=735–736|issn=07356757|doi=10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90309-7}}</ref><ref name="GuptaCheifetz2005">{{cite journal|last1=Gupta|first1=Vineet K.|last2=Cheifetz|first2=Ira M.|title=Heliox administration in the pediatric intensive care unit: An evidence-based review|journal=Pediatric Critical Care Medicine|volume=6|issue=2|year=2005|pages=204–211|issn=1529-7535|doi=10.1097/01.PCC.0000154946.62733.94}}</ref>
+|-
+| style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | ▸ Some studies have shown a short-term benefit of heliox inhalation in children with moderate to severe croup.<ref>{{Cite journal
   | author = [[Irene Moraa]], [[Nancy Sturman]], [[Treasure McGuire]] & [[Mieke L. van Driel]]
   | title = Heliox for croup in children
@@ Line 190: / Line 192: @@
   | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD006822.pub4
   | pmid = 24318607
-}}</ref>
+}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | author = [[Sarah Kline-Krammes]], [[Christina Reed]], [[John S. Jr Giuliano]], [[Hamilton P. Schwartz]], [[Michael Forbes]], [[John Pope]], [[James Besunder]], [[Michael D. Gothard]], [[Kerry Russell]] & [[Michael T. Bigham]] | title = Heliox in children with croup: a strategy to hasten improvement | journal = [[Air medical journal]] | volume = 31 | issue = 3 | pages = 131–137 | year = 2012 | month = May-June | doi = 10.1016/j.amj.2011.08.004 | pmid = 22541348 }}</ref>
-<ref>{{Cite journal | author = [[Sarah Kline-Krammes]], [[Christina Reed]], [[John S. Jr Giuliano]], [[Hamilton P. Schwartz]], [[Michael Forbes]], [[John Pope]], [[James Besunder]], [[Michael D. Gothard]], [[Kerry Russell]] & [[Michael T. Bigham]] | title = Heliox in children with croup: a strategy to hasten improvement | journal = [[Air medical journal]] | volume = 31 | issue = 3 | pages = 131–137 | year = 2012 | month = May-June | doi = 10.1016/j.amj.2011.08.004 | pmid = 22541348 }}</ref>
 |-

Sandbox/AL: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:02, 22 May 2014

SAMPLE

Medical Therapy Based on the Drug Adapted from Lancet. 2008;371(9609):329–339. [1]

Medical Therapy Based on the Severity Adapted from Pediatric Pulmonology 49:421–429 (2014) [7]

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Medical Therapy Based on the Drug Adapted from Lancet. 2008;371(9609):329–339. ^[1]

Medical Therapy Based on the Severity Adapted from Pediatric Pulmonology 49:421–429 (2014) ^[7]