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{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 | | |A01=<div style="float: left; text-align: left; width: 20em; padding:1em;"> '''Examine the patient:'''<br>
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'''General appearance'''<br>
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❑ Cachectic<br>
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❑ Diaphoretic<br>
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❑ Obese<br>
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❑ Thin<br>
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❑ Well-appearing or ill-appearing
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'''Vitals'''<br>
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❑ [[Temperature]]<br>
:❑ [[Fever]]  <br>
:❑ [[Hypothermia]]  <br>
❑ [[Pulse]]<br>
:❑ Rate  <br> 
::❑ [[Tachycardia]]  <br>
::❑ [[Bradycardia]]  <br>
:❑ Rhythm  <br>
::❑ Regular  <br>
::❑ Irregularly irregular  <br>
:❑ Strength  <br>
::❑ Weak  <br>
::❑ Bounding  <br>
::❑ Alternating in strength ([[pulsus alternans]])  <br>
:❑ [[Paradoxical pulse]]  <br>
:❑ Symmetry  <br>
::❑ Asymmetric  <br>
❑ [[Respiration]]<br>
:❑ [[Tachypnea]]  <br>
:❑ [[Bradypnea]]  <br>
:❑ [[Kussmaul respirations]]  <br>
❑ [[Blood pressure]]<br>
:❑ [[Hypotension]]  <br>
:❑ [[Hypertension]]  <br>
:❑ [[Wide pulse pressure]]  <br>
:❑ [[Narrow pulse pressure]]  <br>
❑ [[Pulse oximetry]]<br>
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'''Skin'''<br>
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❑ Inspection <br>
:❑ [[Cyanosis]]  <br>
:❑ [[Jaundice]]  <br>
:❑ [[Rash]]  <br>
:❑ [[Pallor]]  <br>
:❑ [[Skin lesion|Lesions]]  <br>
❑ Palpation  (e.g., induration, subcutaneous nodules, tightening)<br>
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'''Head, Ear, Eye, Nose & Throat'''<br>
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❑ [[Head]]<br>
:❑  Abnormalities of the head/hair <br>
:❑  Evidence of [[trauma]]  <br>
❑ [[Eye]]<br>
:❑ [[Icterus|Icteric sclera]]  <br>
:❑ [[Nystagmus]]  <br> 
:❑ [[Eye examination#Testing Extra-Ocular Movements:|Abnormal extra-ocular movements]] <br>
:❑ [[Eye examination#Assessing Pupillary Response to Light:|Pupils not reactive to light]]  <br>
:❑ [[Eye examination#Using the Opthalmoscope|Abnormal findings on ophthalmoscopic exam]] <br>
❑ [[Ear]] <br>
:❑ Reduced hearing acuity<br>
:❑ Positive [[Weber test]]<br>
:❑ Positive [[Rinne test]]<br>
:❑ [[Exudate]] from the ear canal  <br> 
:❑ [[Tenderness]] on movement of the pinnae  <br>
❑ Nose  <br>
:❑  Inflamed [[nares]]<br>
:❑  [[Epistaxis]]  <br>
:❑  [[Purulent]] exudate from the nares  <br>
:❑  [[Tenderness]] to percussion of the sinuses  <br> 
:❑  [[Nasal congestion|Congested nares]]<br>
❑ [[Throat]]<br>
:❑  Erythematous  <br>
:❑  [[Exudate]] <br>
:❑  [[Petechiae]] <br>
:❑  Tonsillar inflammation  <br>
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'''Neck'''<br>
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:❑ Masses, overall appearance, symmetry, tracheal position, crepitus<br>
:❑ Elevated [[jugular venous pressure]]<br>
:❑ [[Carotid bruits]]  <br>
:❑ [[Lymph nodes]]  <br>
:❑ [[Thyromegaly]]  <br>
:❑ [[Hepatojugular reflux]]  <br>
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'''Respiratory examination'''<br>
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❑ Assessment of respiratory effort (e.g., intercostal retractions, use of accessory muscles, diaphragmatic movement, [[wheezing]], asymmetric chest movement)<br>
❑ Percussion (e.g., dullness, hyperresonance)<br>
❑ Palpation (e.g., tactile fremitus)<br>
❑ Auscultation ([[rales]], reduced [[breath sounds]], [[egophony]])<br>
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'''Cardiovascular examination'''<br>
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❑ Palpation (location, size, [[thrill]]s, [[heave]])<br>
❑ Auscultation (abnormal sounds, murmurs, [[pericardial friction rub]])<br>
:❑ [[Heart sounds]]
::❑ [[Heart sounds#First heart tone S1, the "lub"(components M1 and T1)|S1]] <br> 
::❑ [[Heart sounds#Second heart tone S2 the "dub"(components A2 and P2)|S2]] <br> 
::❑ [[Heart sounds#Third heart sound S3|S3]] <br> 
::❑ [[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]] <br> 
::❑ [[Heart sounds#Summation Gallop|Gallops]] <br>
:❑ [[Murmur]]
::❑ [[Systolic murmur]] best heard at the base (describe the murmur)<br> 
::❑ [[Systolic murmur]] best heard at the apex (describe the murmur)<br> 
::❑ [[Diastolic murmur]] (describe the murmur)<br>  ❑ Carotid arteries (e.g., pulse amplitude, bruits)<br>
❑ Abdominal aorta (e.g., size, bruits)<br>
❑ Femoral arteries (e.g., pulse amplitude, bruits)<br>
❑ Pedal pulses (e.g., pulse amplitude)<br>
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'''Abdominal examination'''<br>
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❑ Inspection <br>
:❑ [[Abdominal distention]]  <br>
❑ Palpation<br>
:❑ Presence of [[abdominal mass]], [[abdominal tenderness]], [[rebound tenderness]], renal angle tenderness<br>
:❑ Examination of the liver and spleen<br>
::❑ [[Hepatomegaly]]  <br> 
::❑ [[Splenomegaly]]  <br>
:❑ Examination for the presence or absence of hernias<br>
:❑ Examination (when indicated) of anus, perineum, and rectum, including sphincter tone, presence of hemorrhoids, rectal masses<br>
❑ [[Genitourinary exam]], if relevant <br> 
❑ Percussion<br>
:❑ Dullness (fluid thrill, [[ascites]])<br>
❑ Auscultation<br>
:❑ Aortic bruits<br>
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'''Extremities'''<br>
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❑ Gait and station<br>
❑ Inspection/palpation <br>
:❑ Digits and nails (e.g., [[clubbing]], [[cyanosis]], inflammatory conditions, petechiae, ischemia, infections, nodes)<br>
:❑ Defects, tenderness, masses or effusions<br>
:❑ Range of motion with notation of any pain, crepitation or contracture<br>
:❑ Muscle strength and tone (e.g., flaccid, cogwheel, spastic)<br>
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'''Neurological examination'''<br>
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❑ [[Glasgow coma scale]] of___  <br>
❑ Test cranial nerves with notation of any deficits<br>
❑ Deep tendon reflexes with notation of any pathologic reflexes (e.g., Babinksi)<br>
:❑  [[Clonus]]  <br>
:❑  [[Hyperactive reflexes]]  <br>
❑ Sensation (e.g., by touch, pin, vibration, proprioception)<br>
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'''Psychiatric evaluation'''<br>
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❑ Description of patient’s judgment and insight<br>
❑ Brief mental status<br>
:❑ Orientation to time, place, and person<br>
:❑ Recent and remote memory<br>
:❑ Mood and affect<br>
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Revision as of 11:52, 31 March 2014