WBR0335: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 20: Line 20:
|MainCategory=Embryology
|MainCategory=Embryology
|SubCategory=Head and Neck
|SubCategory=Head and Neck
|Prompt=An 8 month old girl is brought by her mother to the physician's office for a facial abnormality that she wishes to be corrected. A patient with a similar abnormality is shown in the image below. The physician explains that the girl has an embryological defect. Which of the following statements is most likely true about this patient's condition?
|Prompt=An 8 month old boy is brought by his mother to the physician's office for a facial abnormality that she wishes to be corrected. A patient with a similar abnormality is shown in the image below. The physician explains that the boy has an embryological defect. Which of the following statements is most likely true about this patient's condition?
[[Image:WBR0335.jpg|300px]]
[[Image:WBR0335.jpg|300px]]
|Explanation=The patient is most likely presenting with cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Cleft lip is characterized by the failure of fusion (non-union) of the maxillary and the medial nasal processes. On the other hand, cleft palate is characterized by the failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and the median palatine processes. Usually cleft lip and cleft palate happen together although they occur due to different embryological pathophysiological processes.
|Explanation=The patient is most likely presenting with cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Cleft lip is characterized by the failure of fusion (non-union) of the maxillary and the medial nasal processes. On the other hand, cleft palate is characterized by the failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and the median palatine processes. Usually cleft lip and cleft palate happen together although they occur due to different embryological pathophysiological processes.

Revision as of 03:12, 21 November 2013

 
Author [[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1]]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Embryology
Sub Category SubCategory::Head and Neck
Prompt [[Prompt::An 8 month old boy is brought by his mother to the physician's office for a facial abnormality that she wishes to be corrected. A patient with a similar abnormality is shown in the image below. The physician explains that the boy has an embryological defect. Which of the following statements is most likely true about this patient's condition?

]]

Answer A AnswerA::Failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::Cleft lip is characterized by the failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes.
Answer B AnswerB::Failure of fusion of the maxillary and lateral nasal processes
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::Cleft lip is not characterized by the failure of fusion of the maxillary and lateral nasal processes.
Answer C AnswerC::Failure of fusion of the mandibular and the medial nasal processes
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::Cleft lip is not characterized by the failure of fusion of the mandibular and the medial nasal processes.
Answer D AnswerD::Failure of fusion of the mandibular and the lateral nasal processes
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::Cleft lip is not characterized by the failure of fusion of the mandibular and the lateral nasal processes.
Answer E AnswerE::Failure of fusion of the maxillary and the palatine processes
Answer E Explanation [[AnswerEExp::Although cleft palate frequently occurs with cleft lip, cleft palate is due to failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and the median palatine process. Failure of fusion of the maxillary and the palatine processes are not characteristic of either cleft lip or cleft palate.]]
Right Answer RightAnswer::A
Explanation [[Explanation::The patient is most likely presenting with cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Cleft lip is characterized by the failure of fusion (non-union) of the maxillary and the medial nasal processes. On the other hand, cleft palate is characterized by the failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and the median palatine processes. Usually cleft lip and cleft palate happen together although they occur due to different embryological pathophysiological processes.

Educational Objective: Cleft palate is characterized by the failure of fusion of the maxillary and the median nasal processes.
Educational Objective:
References: ]]

Approved Approved::No
Keyword WBRKeyword::cleft, WBRKeyword::lip, WBRKeyword::palate, WBRKeyword::failure, WBRKeyword::fusion, WBRKeyword::median, WBRKeyword::medial, WBRKeyword::nasal, WBRKeyword::process, WBRKeyword::processes, WBRKeyword::maxillary, WBRKeyword::lateral, WBRKeyword::palatine, WBRKeyword::nasal, WBRKeyword::septum, WBRKeyword::facial, WBRKeyword::abnormality
Linked Question Linked::
Order in Linked Questions LinkedOrder::