Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may be caused by different strains including the classic BSE strain (which is responsible for the outbreak in the United Kingdom) and two atypical strains (H and L strains).


==Causes==
==Causes==
There is increasing evidence that there are different strains of BSE: the typical BSE strain responsible for the outbreak in the United Kingdom and two atypical strains (H and L strains).
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may be caused by different strains including the classic BSE strain (which is responsible for the outbreak in the United Kingdom) and two atypical strains (H and L strains).<ref name="pmid29887132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Casalone C, Hope J |title=Atypical and classic bovine spongiform encephalopathy |journal=Handb Clin Neurol |volume=153 |issue= |pages=121–134 |date=2018 |pmid=29887132 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-444-63945-5.00007-6 |url=}}</ref>


* Typical BSE strain -- The BSE strain responsible for most of the BSE cases in Canada is the same classic or typical strain linked to the outbreak in the United Kingdom. It is known to be preventable through elimination of BSE contaminated feed and has been causally linked to vCJD in humans. This typical strain has not yet been identified in any U.S.-born cattle.
* Classic BSE strain has been causally linked to variant [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]] (vCJD) in humans.


* Atypical BSE strain -- In July 2007, the UK Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee (SEAC) suggested that atypical BSE may be a distinct strain of prion disease. Unlike typical BSE, cases of atypical BSE, according to SEAC, may have risen spontaneously (although transmission through feed or the environment cannot be ruled out). Recently reported French surveillance data support this theory that unlike typical BSE, atypical BSE appears to represent sporadic disease
* Atypical BSE strains (H-type and L-type BSE) usually occur spontaneously (although might be transmitted through feed or the environment).
 
Both of the U.S.-born BSE cases and two of the 19 Canadian-born BSE cases were 10 years of age or older. Of these older North American cases, 3 were linked to an atypical BSE strain known as the H-type. The strain type for the fourth older North American case, a 13 year-old BSE-infected Canadian cow, has been identified as the L-type.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 19:20, 12 September 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adnan Ezici, M.D[2]

Overview

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may be caused by different strains including the classic BSE strain (which is responsible for the outbreak in the United Kingdom) and two atypical strains (H and L strains).

Causes

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) may be caused by different strains including the classic BSE strain (which is responsible for the outbreak in the United Kingdom) and two atypical strains (H and L strains).[1]

  • Atypical BSE strains (H-type and L-type BSE) usually occur spontaneously (although might be transmitted through feed or the environment).

References

  1. Casalone C, Hope J (2018). "Atypical and classic bovine spongiform encephalopathy". Handb Clin Neurol. 153: 121–134. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-63945-5.00007-6. PMID 29887132.

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