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| rowspan="4" |Adenoma
| rowspan="4" |Adenoma
|Aldosterone<ref name="pmid19547646">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schirpenbach C, Segmiller F, Diederich S, Hahner S, Lorenz R, Rump LC, Seufert J, Quinkler M, Bidlingmaier M, Beuschlein F, Endres S, Reincke M |title=The diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism in Germany: results on 555 patients from the German Conn Registry |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |volume=106 |issue=18 |pages=305–11 |date=May 2009 |pmid=19547646 |pmc=2689591 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2009.0305 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28405879">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fallo F, Castellano I, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Rhayem Y, Pilon C, Vicennati V, Santini D, Maffeis V, Fassina A, Mulatero P, Beuschlein F, Reincke M |title=Histopathological and genetic characterization of aldosterone-producing adenomas with concurrent subclinical cortisol hypersecretion: a case series |journal=Endocrine |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=503–512 |date=December 2017 |pmid=28405879 |pmc=5638684 |doi=10.1007/s12020-017-1295-4 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25958045">{{cite journal |vauthors=Monticone S, Castellano I, Versace K, Lucatello B, Veglio F, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Williams TA, Mulatero P |title=Immunohistochemical, genetic and clinical characterization of sporadic aldosterone-producing adenomas |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=411 |issue= |pages=146–54 |date=August 2015 |pmid=25958045 |pmc=4474471 |doi=10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.022 |url=}}</ref>
|Aldosterone<ref name="pmid19547646">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schirpenbach C, Segmiller F, Diederich S, Hahner S, Lorenz R, Rump LC, Seufert J, Quinkler M, Bidlingmaier M, Beuschlein F, Endres S, Reincke M |title=The diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism in Germany: results on 555 patients from the German Conn Registry |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |volume=106 |issue=18 |pages=305–11 |date=May 2009 |pmid=19547646 |pmc=2689591 |doi=10.3238/arztebl.2009.0305 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28405879">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fallo F, Castellano I, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Rhayem Y, Pilon C, Vicennati V, Santini D, Maffeis V, Fassina A, Mulatero P, Beuschlein F, Reincke M |title=Histopathological and genetic characterization of aldosterone-producing adenomas with concurrent subclinical cortisol hypersecretion: a case series |journal=Endocrine |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=503–512 |date=December 2017 |pmid=28405879 |pmc=5638684 |doi=10.1007/s12020-017-1295-4 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25958045">{{cite journal |vauthors=Monticone S, Castellano I, Versace K, Lucatello B, Veglio F, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Williams TA, Mulatero P |title=Immunohistochemical, genetic and clinical characterization of sporadic aldosterone-producing adenomas |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=411 |issue= |pages=146–54 |date=August 2015 |pmid=25958045 |pmc=4474471 |doi=10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.022 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26867466">{{cite journal |vauthors=Park JJ, Park BK, Kim CK |title=Adrenal imaging for adenoma characterization: imaging features, diagnostic accuracies and differential diagnoses |journal=Br J Radiol |volume=89 |issue=1062 |pages=20151018 |date=June 2016 |pmid=26867466 |pmc=5258164 |doi=10.1259/bjr.20151018 |url=}}</ref>
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* Headache
* Headache

Revision as of 16:57, 31 January 2019

Cortex Product Clinical manifestations Dianosis Gold

standard

Other features
Symptoms Signs Blood & Urine Histopathological Imaging Others
Adenoma Aldosterone[1][2][3][4]
  • Headache
  • Vision problems
  • Muscle cramps
  • Muscle weakness & cramps
  • Numbness
  • Temporary paralysis
  • Polyuria and polydipsia
  • Hypertension
  • Refractory hypertension
  • Hypokalemia
  • Alkalosis
  • ↑ Plasma aldosterone
  • ↓ Plasma Renin
  • ↑ ARR
  • Single or multiple nodules
  • Encapsulated
  • Abundant clear cytoplasm
  • Uniforming nuclei
  • Histopathology may resemble:
    • ZF (large, lipid-laden clear cells)
    • ZG (small, compact cells with moderate amount of lipid)
    • ZR (lipid-sparse cytoplasm)
  • Adrenal mass or nodule
  • Unilateral or bilateral adrenal atrophy
  • Hypodense mass (CT)
  • Iso and low FDG uptake compared with liver (FDG PET/CT)
  • Hyperintense on in-phase and hypointense on oppose-phase (MRI)
  • Fludrocortisone Suppression Testing
  • Oral Sodium Loading
  • Saline Infusion Testing
  • Captopril test
  • Adrenal venous sampling
  • Posture test
  • Fludrocortisone Suppression Testing
  • Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism responds to glucocorticoids
  • Higher cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity
Cortisol
Sex steroids
Mix
Carcinoma
Nodular

Hyperplasia

Adrenal mass Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Gold standard Other features
Symptoms Signs Blood & Urine Histopathological Imaging Others

References

  1. ↑ Schirpenbach C, Segmiller F, Diederich S, Hahner S, Lorenz R, Rump LC, Seufert J, Quinkler M, Bidlingmaier M, Beuschlein F, Endres S, Reincke M (May 2009). "The diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism in Germany: results on 555 patients from the German Conn Registry". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 106 (18): 305–11. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2009.0305. PMC 2689591. PMID 19547646.
  2. ↑ Fallo F, Castellano I, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Rhayem Y, Pilon C, Vicennati V, Santini D, Maffeis V, Fassina A, Mulatero P, Beuschlein F, Reincke M (December 2017). "Histopathological and genetic characterization of aldosterone-producing adenomas with concurrent subclinical cortisol hypersecretion: a case series". Endocrine. 58 (3): 503–512. doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1295-4. PMC 5638684. PMID 28405879.
  3. ↑ Monticone S, Castellano I, Versace K, Lucatello B, Veglio F, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Williams TA, Mulatero P (August 2015). "Immunohistochemical, genetic and clinical characterization of sporadic aldosterone-producing adenomas". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 411: 146–54. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2015.04.022. PMC 4474471. PMID 25958045.
  4. ↑ Park JJ, Park BK, Kim CK (June 2016). "Adrenal imaging for adenoma characterization: imaging features, diagnostic accuracies and differential diagnoses". Br J Radiol. 89 (1062): 20151018. doi:10.1259/bjr.20151018. PMC 5258164. PMID 26867466.
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