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'''Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PARP2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid10329013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Johansson M | title = A human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene family (ADPRTL): cDNA cloning of two novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase homologues | journal = Genomics | volume = 57 | issue = 3 | pages = 442–5 | date = | '''Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PARP2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid10329013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Johansson M | title = A human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene family (ADPRTL): cDNA cloning of two novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase homologues | journal = Genomics | volume = 57 | issue = 3 | pages = 442–5 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10329013 | pmc = | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.5799 }}</ref><ref name="pmid18353725">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yélamos J, Schreiber V, Dantzer F | title = Toward specific functions of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 | journal = Trends in Molecular Medicine | volume = 14 | issue = 4 | pages = 169–78 | date = April 2008 | pmid = 18353725 | pmc = | doi = 10.1016/j.molmed.2008.02.003 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PARP2 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10038| access-date = }}</ref> It is one of the [[Poly ADP ribose polymerase|PARP]] family of enzymes. | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 2 [[protein]], which contains a [[catalytic]] domain and is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) [[transferase]], but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The basic residues within the N-terminal region of this protein may bear potential DNA-binding properties, and may be involved in the [[Cell nucleus|nuclear]] and/or [[nucleolar]] targeting of the protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found.<ref name="entrez"/> | This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 2 [[protein]], which contains a [[catalytic]] domain and is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) [[transferase]], but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The basic residues within the N-terminal region of this protein may bear potential DNA-binding properties, and may be involved in the [[Cell nucleus|nuclear]] and/or [[nucleolar]] targeting of the protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found.<ref name="entrez"/> | ||
In the plant species <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, PARP2 plays more significant roles than PARP1 in protective responses to DNA damage and bacterial pathogenesis.<ref name=Song2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Song J, Keppler BD, Wise RR, Bent AF | title = PARP2 Is the Predominant Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Arabidopsis DNA Damage and Immune Responses | journal = PLoS Genetics | volume = 11 | issue = 5 | pages = e1005200 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25950582 | pmc = 4423837 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005200 }}</ref> The plant PARP2 carries N-terminal SAP DNA binding motifs rather than the Zn-finger DNA binding motifs of plant and animal PARP1 proteins.<ref name=Song2015 /> | |||
==PARP inhibitor drugs== | ==PARP inhibitor drugs== | ||
| Line 10: | Line 12: | ||
== Interactions == | == Interactions == | ||
PARP2 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[XRCC1]].<ref name=pmid11948190>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1 |journal= | PARP2 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[XRCC1]].<ref name=pmid11948190>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 25 | pages = 23028–36 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 11948190 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M202390200 }}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
{{refbegin | 2}} | {{refbegin | 2}} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bashford CL, Chance B, Lloyd D, Poole RK | title = Oscillations of redox states in synchronously dividing cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Schizosaccharomyces pombe | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Bashford CL, Chance B, Lloyd D, Poole RK | title = Oscillations of redox states in synchronously dividing cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Schizosaccharomyces pombe | journal = Biophysical Journal | volume = 29 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–11 | date = January 1980 | pmid = 7260241 | pmc = 1328658 | doi = 10.1016/S0006-3495(80)85114-9 | bibcode = 1980BpJ....29....1B }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Berghammer H, Ebner M, Marksteiner R, Auer B | title = pADPRT-2: a novel mammalian polymerizing(ADP-ribosyl)transferase gene related to truncated pADPRT homologues in plants and Caenorhabditis elegans | journal = FEBS | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Berghammer H, Ebner M, Marksteiner R, Auer B | title = pADPRT-2: a novel mammalian polymerizing(ADP-ribosyl)transferase gene related to truncated pADPRT homologues in plants and Caenorhabditis elegans | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 449 | issue = 2-3 | pages = 259–63 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10338144 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00448-2 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Amé JC, Rolli V, Schreiber V, Niedergang C, Apiou F, Decker P, Muller S, Höger T, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = PARP-2, A novel mammalian DNA damage-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Amé JC, Rolli V, Schreiber V, Niedergang C, Apiou F, Decker P, Muller S, Höger T, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = PARP-2, A novel mammalian DNA damage-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 25 | pages = 17860–8 | date = June 1999 | pmid = 10364231 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.25.17860 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Still IH, Vince P, Cowell JK | title = Identification of a novel gene (ADPRTL1) encoding a potential Poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase protein | journal = Genomics | volume = 62 | issue = 3 | pages = 533–6 | | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Still IH, Vince P, Cowell JK | title = Identification of a novel gene (ADPRTL1) encoding a potential Poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase protein | journal = Genomics | volume = 62 | issue = 3 | pages = 533–6 | date = December 1999 | pmid = 10644454 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.6024 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1 | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 25 | pages = 23028–36 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 11948190 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M202390200 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Saxena A, Wong LH, Kalitsis P, Earle E, Shaffer LG, Choo KH | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 localizes to mammalian active centromeres and interacts with PARP-1, Cenpa, Cenpb and Bub3, but not Cenpc | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Saxena A, Wong LH, Kalitsis P, Earle E, Shaffer LG, Choo KH | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 localizes to mammalian active centromeres and interacts with PARP-1, Cenpa, Cenpb and Bub3, but not Cenpc | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 11 | issue = 19 | pages = 2319–29 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12217960 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/11.19.2319 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Malanga M, Althaus FR | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) reactivates stalled DNA topoisomerase I and Induces DNA strand break resealing | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Malanga M, Althaus FR | title = Poly(ADP-ribose) reactivates stalled DNA topoisomerase I and Induces DNA strand break resealing | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 7 | pages = 5244–8 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 14699148 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C300437200 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S | title = Diversification of transcriptional modulation: | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S | title = Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes | journal = Genome Research | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 55–65 | date = January 2006 | pmid = 16344560 | pmc = 1356129 | doi = 10.1101/gr.4039406 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maeda Y, Hunter TC, Loudy DE, Davé V, Schreiber V, Whitsett JA | title = PARP-2 interacts with TTF-1 and regulates expression of surfactant protein-B | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Maeda Y, Hunter TC, Loudy DE, Davé V, Schreiber V, Whitsett JA | title = PARP-2 interacts with TTF-1 and regulates expression of surfactant protein-B | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 281 | issue = 14 | pages = 9600–6 | date = April 2006 | pmid = 16461352 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M510435200 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chevanne M, Calia C, Zampieri M, Cecchinelli B, Caldini R, Monti D, Bucci L, Franceschi C, Caiafa P | title = Oxidative DNA damage repair and parp 1 and parp 2 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphocyte cells from young subjects, old subjects, and centenarians | journal = Rejuvenation | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Chevanne M, Calia C, Zampieri M, Cecchinelli B, Caldini R, Monti D, Bucci L, Franceschi C, Caiafa P | title = Oxidative DNA damage repair and parp 1 and parp 2 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphocyte cells from young subjects, old subjects, and centenarians | journal = Rejuvenation Research | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = 191–204 | date = June 2007 | pmid = 17518695 | doi = 10.1089/rej.2006.0514 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Liang YC, Hsu CY, Yao YL, Yang WM | title = PARP-2 regulates cell cycle-related genes through histone deacetylation and methylation independently of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation | journal = | * {{cite journal | vauthors = Liang YC, Hsu CY, Yao YL, Yang WM | title = PARP-2 regulates cell cycle-related genes through histone deacetylation and methylation independently of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 431 | issue = 1 | pages = 58–64 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23291187 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.092 }} | ||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Song J, Keppler BD, Wise RR, Bent AF | title = PARP2 Is the Predominant Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Arabidopsis DNA Damage and Immune Responses | journal = PLoS Genetics | volume = 11 | issue = 5 | pages = e1005200 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25950582 | pmc = 4423837 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005200 }} | |||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
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{{PDB Gallery|geneid=10038}} | {{PDB Gallery|geneid=10038}} | ||
{{gene-14-stub}} | {{gene-14-stub}} | ||
Revision as of 03:01, 10 November 2018
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Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PARP2 gene.[1][2][3] It is one of the PARP family of enzymes.
Function
This gene encodes poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase-like 2 protein, which contains a catalytic domain and is capable of catalyzing a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reaction. This protein has a catalytic domain which is homologous to that of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase, but lacks an N-terminal DNA binding domain which activates the C-terminal catalytic domain of poly (ADP-ribosyl) transferase. The basic residues within the N-terminal region of this protein may bear potential DNA-binding properties, and may be involved in the nuclear and/or nucleolar targeting of the protein. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found.[3]
In the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, PARP2 plays more significant roles than PARP1 in protective responses to DNA damage and bacterial pathogenesis.[4] The plant PARP2 carries N-terminal SAP DNA binding motifs rather than the Zn-finger DNA binding motifs of plant and animal PARP1 proteins.[4]
PARP inhibitor drugs
Some PARP inhibitor anti-cancer drugs (primarily aimed at PARP1) also inhibit PARP2, e.g. niraparib.
Interactions
PARP2 has been shown to interact with XRCC1.[5]
References
- ↑ Johansson M (May 1999). "A human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene family (ADPRTL): cDNA cloning of two novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase homologues". Genomics. 57 (3): 442–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5799. PMID 10329013.
- ↑ Yélamos J, Schreiber V, Dantzer F (April 2008). "Toward specific functions of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 14 (4): 169–78. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2008.02.003. PMID 18353725.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: PARP2 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 2".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Song J, Keppler BD, Wise RR, Bent AF (May 2015). "PARP2 Is the Predominant Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Arabidopsis DNA Damage and Immune Responses". PLoS Genetics. 11 (5): e1005200. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005200. PMC 4423837. PMID 25950582.
- ↑ Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G (June 2002). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (25): 23028–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202390200. PMID 11948190.
Further reading
- Bashford CL, Chance B, Lloyd D, Poole RK (January 1980). "Oscillations of redox states in synchronously dividing cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii and Schizosaccharomyces pombe". Biophysical Journal. 29 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:1980BpJ....29....1B. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(80)85114-9. PMC 1328658. PMID 7260241.
- Berghammer H, Ebner M, Marksteiner R, Auer B (April 1999). "pADPRT-2: a novel mammalian polymerizing(ADP-ribosyl)transferase gene related to truncated pADPRT homologues in plants and Caenorhabditis elegans". FEBS Letters. 449 (2–3): 259–63. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00448-2. PMID 10338144.
- Amé JC, Rolli V, Schreiber V, Niedergang C, Apiou F, Decker P, Muller S, Höger T, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G (June 1999). "PARP-2, A novel mammalian DNA damage-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (25): 17860–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17860. PMID 10364231.
- Still IH, Vince P, Cowell JK (December 1999). "Identification of a novel gene (ADPRTL1) encoding a potential Poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferase protein". Genomics. 62 (3): 533–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6024. PMID 10644454.
- Schreiber V, Amé JC, Dollé P, Schultz I, Rinaldi B, Fraulob V, Ménissier-de Murcia J, de Murcia G (June 2002). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (25): 23028–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202390200. PMID 11948190.
- Saxena A, Wong LH, Kalitsis P, Earle E, Shaffer LG, Choo KH (September 2002). "Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 localizes to mammalian active centromeres and interacts with PARP-1, Cenpa, Cenpb and Bub3, but not Cenpc". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (19): 2319–29. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.19.2319. PMID 12217960.
- Malanga M, Althaus FR (February 2004). "Poly(ADP-ribose) reactivates stalled DNA topoisomerase I and Induces DNA strand break resealing". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (7): 5244–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.C300437200. PMID 14699148.
- Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
- Maeda Y, Hunter TC, Loudy DE, Davé V, Schreiber V, Whitsett JA (April 2006). "PARP-2 interacts with TTF-1 and regulates expression of surfactant protein-B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (14): 9600–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M510435200. PMID 16461352.
- Chevanne M, Calia C, Zampieri M, Cecchinelli B, Caldini R, Monti D, Bucci L, Franceschi C, Caiafa P (June 2007). "Oxidative DNA damage repair and parp 1 and parp 2 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B lymphocyte cells from young subjects, old subjects, and centenarians". Rejuvenation Research. 10 (2): 191–204. doi:10.1089/rej.2006.0514. PMID 17518695.
- Liang YC, Hsu CY, Yao YL, Yang WM (February 2013). "PARP-2 regulates cell cycle-related genes through histone deacetylation and methylation independently of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 431 (1): 58–64. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.092. PMID 23291187.
- Song J, Keppler BD, Wise RR, Bent AF (May 2015). "PARP2 Is the Predominant Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Arabidopsis DNA Damage and Immune Responses". PLoS Genetics. 11 (5): e1005200. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005200. PMC 4423837. PMID 25950582.
External links
- PARP2 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- PARP2 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
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