Waldenström's macroglobulinemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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**Normocytic normochromic red blood cells | **Normocytic normochromic red blood cells | ||
**[[Rouleaux]] formation | **[[Rouleaux]] formation | ||
* '''Chemistry Lab tests:''' | * '''Chemistry Lab tests:'''<ref name="pmid19520758">{{cite journal| author=Katzmann JA, Kyle RA, Benson J, Larson DR, Snyder MR, Lust JA et al.| title=Screening panels for detection of monoclonal gammopathies. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 2009 | volume= 55 | issue= 8 | pages= 1517-22 | pmid=19520758 | doi=10.1373/clinchem.2009.126664 | pmc=3773468 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19520758 }} </ref> | ||
**Elevated [[lactate dehydrogenase]] (LDH) | **Elevated [[lactate dehydrogenase]] (LDH) | ||
***Level indicates the extent of the disease | ***Level indicates the extent of the disease | ||
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*** Possibly due to interaction between platelet surface glycoproteins and IgM paraprotein | *** Possibly due to interaction between platelet surface glycoproteins and IgM paraprotein | ||
** Abnormalities in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen | ** Abnormalities in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 02:15, 31 October 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2] Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [3]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia include any cytopenia, elevated LDH, and elevated Beta-2 microglobulin.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:[1]
- Complete blood count:
- Anemia
- Seen in 40% of newly diagnosed patients and in 80% of symptomatic patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
- Multifactorial causes including: decreased RBC synthesis due to bone marrow infiltration, iron deficiency due to gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic inflammation.
- Thrombocytopenia
- Due to bone marrow infiltration
- Due to bone marrow infiltration
- Neutropenia
- Due to bone marrow infiltration
- Lymphocytosis
- Monocytosis
- Anemia
- Peripheral smear:
- Plasmacytoid lymphocytes
- Normocytic normochromic red blood cells
- Rouleaux formation
- Chemistry Lab tests:[2]
- Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- Level indicates the extent of the disease
- Elevated creatinine
- Rarely
- Electrolyte abnormalities:
- Hypercalcemia
- Hyponatremia
- Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and uric acid
- Rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulins, direct anti-globulin test, and cold agglutinin titre results can be positive
- Elevated beta-2-microglobulin in proportion to tumor mass
- Needed to evaluate prognosis
- Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- Platelet function test and blood coagulation studies:
- Prolonged bleeding time[3]
- Possibly due to interaction between platelet surface glycoproteins and IgM paraprotein
- Abnormalities in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen
- Prolonged bleeding time[3]
References
- ↑ García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A; et al. (2001). "Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases". Br J Haematol. 115 (3): 575–82. PMID 11736938.
- ↑ Katzmann JA, Kyle RA, Benson J, Larson DR, Snyder MR, Lust JA; et al. (2009). "Screening panels for detection of monoclonal gammopathies". Clin Chem. 55 (8): 1517–22. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.126664. PMC 3773468. PMID 19520758.
- ↑ Penny R, Castaldi PA, Whitsed HM (1971). "Inflammation and haemostasis in paraproteinaemias". Br J Haematol. 20 (1): 35–44. PMID 4924493.