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Line 375: |
Line 375: |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Comments | | ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Comments |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center"|[[Coma]] | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|[[Coma]] |
| ! | | ! |
| ! | | ! |
Line 387: |
Line 387: |
| ! | | ! |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center"|[[Seizure]]<nowiki/>s | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|[[Seizure]]<nowiki/>s |
| ! | | ! |
| ! | | ! |
Line 399: |
Line 399: |
| ! | | ! |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center"|Head trauma | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|Head trauma |
| ! | | ! |
| ! | | ! |
Line 411: |
Line 411: |
| ! | | ! |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center"|Breath holding spells | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center"|Breath holding spells |
| ! | | ! |
| ! | | ! |
Revision as of 20:11, 9 February 2018
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Differential diagnosis
Abbreviations:
COPD= Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
Causes of cyanosis
|
Disease
|
Clinical manifestations/association
|
Diagnosis
|
Comments
|
Symptoms
|
Signs
|
Amount
|
Fever
|
Chest pain
|
Weight loss
|
|
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Respiratory
|
Airway
disorder
|
Croup
|
|
|
|
|
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
|
Epiglottitis
|
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Foreign body aspiration
|
|
+
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Airway trauma
|
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
±
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Disease
|
|
Fever
|
|
Weight loss
|
|
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Comments
|
Parenchymal
disorder
|
Pulmonary embolism
|
|
−
|
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Pleuretic chest pain
|
Pneumonia
|
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
- ABGs
- Leukocytosis
- Pancytopenia
|
- CXR
- CT chest
- Bronchoscopy
|
- Shortness of breath
- Cough
|
Asthma
(Late)
|
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Cystic fibrosis
|
|
±
|
±
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
COPD
(Emphysema)
|
|
±
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Empyema
|
|
±
|
+
|
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
Chest X-ray
|
Physical examination
|
Disease
|
|
Fever
|
|
Weight loss
|
|
Guarding
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Comments
|
Chest wall disorders
|
Flail chest
|
|
−
|
±
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Pneumothorax
|
|
−
|
±
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Hemothorax
|
|
−
|
+
|
+
|
±
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Cardiovascular
|
Congenital heart diseases
|
Disease
|
|
Fever
|
|
Weight loss
|
|
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Comments
|
Atrioventricular canal defect
|
Epstein anomaly
|
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
|
Pulmonary atresia
|
Pulmonic stenosis
|
Tetralogy of Fallot
|
Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
|
Transposition of the great vessels
|
Truncus arteriosus
|
|
|
+
|
+
|
−
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
|
Disease
|
|
Fever
|
|
Weight loss
|
|
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Comments
|
Heart failure
|
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
+
|
±
|
+
|
|
|
|
Valvular heart disease
|
|
+
|
−
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Myocardial infarction
|
|
−
|
−
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Hematologic
|
Methemoglobinemia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Polycythemia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Central Nervous system
|
|
|
Fever
|
|
Weight loss
|
|
|
|
Lab Findings
|
Imaging
|
Comments
|
Coma
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Seizures
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Head trauma
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Breath holding spells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
Smoke inhalation
|
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
Toxic gases
|
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
+
|
±
|
|
|
|
Cold exposure
|
|
+
|
−
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
Drugs†
|
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
|
|
−
|
−
|
+
|
+
|
−
|
−
|
|
|
|
|