Sandbox:patho3: Difference between revisions

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:* Chromosome 11q deletion
:* Chromosome 11q deletion
:* Trisomy 12
:* Trisomy 12
* Somatic gene mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:
* Somatic gene mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:<ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509  }} </ref>
:* NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9
:* NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9
:* MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3
:* MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3
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:* FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4
:* FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4
:* CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15
:* CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15
* Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines by the surrounding macrophages and T cells provide important stimuli for malignant B cells proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509  }} </ref>
* Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines by the surrounding macrophages and T cells provide important stimuli for the malignant B cells proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Revision as of 17:29, 13 October 2015

Pathogenesis

  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia arises from pre-follicular center B cells, that are normally involved in the process of human immunoglobulins production.
  • Malignant lymphocytic cells infiltrates hematopoietic sites such as the bone marrow where they interfere with the production of normal blood cells.
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia may also infiltrate the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.[1]
  • Immune deficiency may occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia as the majority of cases develop hypogammaglobulinemia.[2]
  • Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia may develop due to the production of IgA and IgG autoantibodies among certain cases of chronic lymphocytic anemia.
  • Richter's transformation may occur among 1-5% of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cases.[1]
  • Richter's transformation represents the conversion of chronic lymphocytic leukemia into a more aggressive, rapidly growing large B cell lymphoma.

Genetics

  • Development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the result of multiple genetic mutations that promote leukemic proliferation and apoptotic resistance of mature B cells.[3]
  • Structural genomic aberrations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:[1][3]
  • Chromosome 13q deletion (most common genetic mutation)
  • Chromosome 17p deletion
  • Chromosome 11q deletion
  • Trisomy 12
  • Somatic gene mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:[3]
  • NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9
  • MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3
  • TP53 gene located on chromosome 7
  • ATM gene located on chromosome 11
  • SF3B1 gene located on chromosome 2
  • FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4
  • CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15
  • Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines by the surrounding macrophages and T cells provide important stimuli for the malignant B cells proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October 12, 2015
  2. Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hallek M (2015). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment". Am J Hematol. 90 (5): 446–60. doi:10.1002/ajh.23979. PMID 25908509.