Multiple myeloma staging: Difference between revisions
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==Staging== | ==Staging== | ||
;International Staging System | ;'''International Staging System''' | ||
According to the International Staging System (ISS), there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on both β2-microglobulin and Albumin levels.<ref name="ISS">Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Fonseca R, Avet-Loiseau H, Jacobson JL, Rasmussen E, Crowley J, Durie BMG. Development of an international prognostic index (IPI) for myeloma: report of the international myeloma working group. ''Hematology Journal'' 2003;4:S42. NLM ID 100965523.</ref><ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref>: | According to the International Staging System (ISS), there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on both β2-microglobulin and Albumin levels.<ref name="ISS">Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Fonseca R, Avet-Loiseau H, Jacobson JL, Rasmussen E, Crowley J, Durie BMG. Development of an international prognostic index (IPI) for myeloma: report of the international myeloma working group. ''Hematology Journal'' 2003;4:S42. NLM ID 100965523.</ref><ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref>: | ||
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;Durie-Salmon staging system | ;'''Durie-Salmon staging system''' | ||
First published in 1975, the Durie-Salmon staging system <ref name=" | According to the Durie-Salmon Staging System, there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on the hemoglobin level, calcium level, skeletal survey, serum parapprotein level, and urinary light chain excretion.<ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref> First published in 1975, the Durie-Salmon staging system (Durie BG, Salmon SE) is a clinical staging system for multiple myeloma that correlates measured myeloma cell mass with the presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival.<ref><ref name="pmid1182674">{{cite journal| author=Durie BG, Salmon SE| title=A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma. Correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival. | journal=Cancer | year= 1975 | volume= 36 | issue= 3 | pages= 842-54 | pmid=1182674 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1182674 }} </ref></ref> Durie-Salmon Staging System is still in use, but has largely been superseded by the simpler ISS.<ref>About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015 </ref> | ||
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Revision as of 14:11, 20 September 2015
Multiple myeloma Microchapters |
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Multiple myeloma staging On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multiple myeloma staging |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple myeloma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
International Staging System for multiple myeloma, based on β2-microglobulin (β2M) levels and serum albumin levels, was published by International Myeloma Working Group in 2003 and is the most widely used staging system. It is used for both guiding treatment as well as predicting prognosis.
Staging
- International Staging System
According to the International Staging System (ISS), there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on both β2-microglobulin and Albumin levels.[1][2]:
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- Durie-Salmon staging system
According to the Durie-Salmon Staging System, there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on the hemoglobin level, calcium level, skeletal survey, serum parapprotein level, and urinary light chain excretion.[3] First published in 1975, the Durie-Salmon staging system (Durie BG, Salmon SE) is a clinical staging system for multiple myeloma that correlates measured myeloma cell mass with the presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival.</ref> Durie-Salmon Staging System is still in use, but has largely been superseded by the simpler ISS.[4]
Stage | Hemoglobin level | Calcium level | Skeletal survey | Serum paraprotein level | Urinary light chain excretion |
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Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine:
- A: serum creatinine < 2mg/dL (< 177 umol/L)
- B: serum creatinine > 2mg/dL (> 177 umol/L)
References
- ↑ Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Fonseca R, Avet-Loiseau H, Jacobson JL, Rasmussen E, Crowley J, Durie BMG. Development of an international prognostic index (IPI) for myeloma: report of the international myeloma working group. Hematology Journal 2003;4:S42. NLM ID 100965523.
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015