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| {{Drugbox|
| | <div style="float: right;"> |
| |IUPAC_name = N-benzyl-3-(N'-pyridin-4-ylcarbonylhydrazino) -propanamide
| | [[File:Nialamide.png|thumb|none|400px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]</div> |
| | image = Nialamide.svg
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| | width = 140
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| | CAS_number=51-12-7 | |
| | ATC_prefix=N06 | |
| | ATC_suffix=AF02 | |
| | ATC_supplemental= | |
| | PubChem=4472
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| | DrugBank=
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| | C = 16 | H = 18 | N = 4 | O = 2
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| | molecular_weight = 298.34 g/mol
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| | bioavailability=
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life=
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| | excretion = [[Renal]]<ref name=biam>{{cite web | year = 2001 | url = http://www.biam2.org/www/Sub3647.html | title = NIALAMIDE | work = BIAM Database | accessdate = August 27 | accessyear = 2005}}</ref>
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| | pregnancy_category =
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| | legal_status = Rx-only
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| | routes_of_administration= Oral, intramuscular,{{ref|IM}} intravenous{{ref|IV}}
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| }}
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| '''Nialamide''' was one of the first [[MAOI]] (monoamine oxidase inhibitor) [[antidepressant]]s. It is chemically related to [[iproniazide]], another MAOI derived from [[isonicotinic acid]].
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| ==Uses==
| | __NOTOC__ |
| ===Approved===
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| Nialamide is effective for [[clinical depression|depression]] characterized by [[Wiktionary:anergia|anergic]] symptoms,{{ref|anergia}} [[endogenous]] depression,{{ref|endo}} and [[reactive]] depression.{{ref|reactive}}
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| ===Unapproved/Off-Label/Investigational===
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| Nialamide is sometimes used in the treatment of [[trigeminal neuralgia]]. It has also been studied for [[alcoholism]],{{ref|alcohol}} dermatomally distributed [[vitiligo]],{{ref|vitiligo}} irregular menstrual cycle,{{ref|period}}, [[Angina pectoris|angina]],{{ref|stenocardia}} cerebrovascular disorders,{{ref|Mirzoian1975}} and the prevention of [[streptomycin]]-induced [[deafness]].{{ref|hearing}}
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| ==Side effects==
| | {{SI}} |
| Side effects of nialamide include [[insomnia]], [[Vertigo (medical)|vertigo]], [[hyperhidrosis]], weight gain, vomiting, [[tachycardia]], constipation, dry mouth, upset stomach, [[orthostatic hypotension]] and decreased [[systolic]] pressure.
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| ==Tradenames== | | {{CMG}} |
| Nialamide is sold under Psicodisten®, Niaquitil®, Nialamid®, Niamidal®, Niamide®, Novazid®, Nuredal®, Niamid® (Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, England, United States),<ref name=Niamid_availability>{{cite web | author=Anonymous | year=2001 | title=NIALAMIDE | work=Antidepresseurs | publisher=BIAM | url=http://www.biam2.org/www/Sub3647.html | accessdate=27 August | accessyear=2005}}</ref> Niazin®, Nyazin®, Surgex® (Italy),<ref name=biam/> Mygal®, Delmoneurina®, Isalizina® (Italy),<ref name=biam/> Espril® (Italy),<ref name=biam/> and Nyezin®.<ref name=tradenames>{{cite web | url=http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=35970&ncount=35#Synonyms | title=SID 35970 -- PubChem Substance Summary - Depositor-Supplied Synonyms: All| accessdate=25 September | accessyear=2005 }} National Center for Biotechnology Information.</ref> | | ==Overview== |
| | '''Nialamide''' ('''Niamid''', '''Niamide''', '''Nuredal''', '''Surgex''') is a non-selective, [[irreversible_inhibition|irreversible]] [[monoamine oxidase inhibitor]] (MAOI) of the [[hydrazine]] class that was used as an [[antidepressant]].<ref name="Publishing2006">{{cite book|author=William Andrew Publishing|title=Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_J2ti4EkYpkC&pg=PA2935|date=1 December 2006|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-8155-1856-3|pages=2935–}}</ref> It was withdrawn by [[Pfizer]] several decades ago due to the risk of [[hepatotoxicity]].<ref name="Gad2012">{{cite book|author=Shayne C. Gad|title=Safety Pharmacology in Pharmaceutical Development: Approval and Post Marketing Surveillance, Second Edition|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=AHA2g-qq6WwC&pg=PA138|date=26 April 2012|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4398-4567-7|pages=138–}}</ref><ref name="Shorter2008">{{cite book|author=Edward Shorter|title=Before Prozac : The Troubled History of Mood Disorders in Psychiatry: The Troubled History of Mood Disorders in Psychiatry|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8VaYF8pIPxgC&pg=PA137|date=28 September 2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-970933-5|pages=137–}}</ref> |
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| ==References and End Notes==
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| {{reflist|2}}
| | ==See also== |
| # {{note|IM}} {{cite journal | author=Benady DR, Clein LJ, Pare CM | title=Intramuscular nialamide in intractable depression | journal=Diseases of the Nervous System | volume=26 | issue=12 | year=1965 | pages=792-4}} [No abstract] PMID 5321917 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=5321917&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Print Collections]
| | * [[Hydrazine (antidepressant)]] |
| # {{note|IV}} {{cite journal | author=Oules J, Cabazon | title=[TREATMENT OF DEPRESSIVE STATES WITH INTRAVENOUS NIAMIDE.] | journal=Toulouse Medical | volume=65 | issue=1 | year=1964 | pages=1298-302 | id=PMID 14272189}} [Article in French] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/linkout/serhold/sh_display.cgi?PrId=3209&PmId=14272189&Code=tu&JrId=31258 New York Academy of Medicine Library holding]
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| # {{note|anergia}} {{cite journal | author=Vaisberg M, McGahee CL, Radinger N, Saunders JC | title=Nialamide for the treatment of anergy and depression | journal=Diseases of the Nervous System | volume=20 | issue=Supplemental | year=1959 | pages=22-5 | id=PMID 13840714}} [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=13840714&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
| | ==References== |
| # {{note|endo}} {{cite journal | author=Van Reeth PC, Bloch C | title=[Treatment of endogenous depressions by a new inhibitor of monoamine oxidase: nialamide.] | journal=Acta Neurologica Belgica | volume=60 | issue=1 | year=1960 | pages=320-7}} [Article in French] PMID 13841128 [http://sfx.hul.harvard.edu:82/sfx_local?genre=article&sid=Entrez:pubmed&issn=0300-9009&date=1960&volume=60&issue=&spage=320&id=pmid:13841128&&__char_set=utf8 Harvard University Library Holding]
| | {{Reflist|2}} |
| # {{note|reactive}} {{cite journal | author=Cormary M | title=[Use of parenteral nialamide in the treatment of reactive or neurotic depressive states] | journal=Lyon Medical | volume=215 | issue=15 | year=1966 | pages=1051-62}} [Article in French] PMID 5930244 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=5930244&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|alcohol}} {{cite journal | author=Bobrov AE, Shurygin AN, Krasil'nikov SB | title=[Effectiveness of combined use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and psychotherapy in the treatment of chronic alcoholism] | journal=Zhurnal Nevropatologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni SS Korsakova. | volume=91 | issue=2 | year=1991 | pages=79-83}} [Article in Russian] PMID 1647635 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=1647635&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|vitiligo}} {{cite journal | author=Koga M | title=Vitiligo: a new classification and therapy | journal=British Journal of Dermatology | volume=97 | issue=3 | year=1977 | pages=255-61 | id=PMID 921895}} [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=921895&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|period}} {{cite journal | author=Gautray JP, Jolivet A | title=[Neuroendocrine investigation and therapy of the menstrual cycle disorders (author's transl)(proceedings)] | journal=Annales d'Endocrinologie | volume=37 | issue=4 | year=1976 | pages=293-4 | id=PMID 1022189}} [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=1022189&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|stenocardia}} {{cite journal | author=Barats SS, Oranskii IE, Kartashova DI, Gorovater EN | title=[Comparative clinico-physiological study of the effect of several MAO inhibitors in stenocardia] | journal=Kardiologiia | volume=16 | issue=3 | year=1976 | pages=138-40}} [Article in Russian] No absract. PMID 1021625 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=1021625&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|Mirzoian1975}} {{cite journal | author=Mirzoian RS | title=[Prevention of cerebrovascular disorders with adrenergic substances] | journal=Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny | volume=80 | issue=11 | year=1975 | pages=50-3}} [Article in Russian] PMID 1218262 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=1218262&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| # {{note|hearing}} {{cite journal | author=Semczuk B, Klonowski S, Golabek W | title=The protective effect of niamid on hearing in patients treated with large doses of streptomycin | journal=Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska Sectio D: Medicina | volume=29 | issue=1 | year=1974 | pages=193-7}} No abstract. PMID 4467804 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=4467804&dopt=ExternalLink&ExternalLink=libs List of Library Holdings]
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| {{Antidepressants}} | | {{Antidepressants}} |
| | {{Monoaminergics}} |
| | {{Hydrazines}} |
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| [[Category:Monoamine oxidase inhibitors]] | | [[Category:Monoamine oxidase inhibitors]] |
| [[Category:Hydrazines]]
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| [[Category:Pyridines]] | | [[Category:Pyridines]] |
| | | [[Category:Hydrazides]] |
| | | [[Category:Amides]] |
| [[ru:Ниаламид]] | | [[Category:Withdrawn drugs]] |
| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
| | [[Category:Drug]] |
