Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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* Albumin concentration - it is important for the calculation of [[serum-ascites albumin gradient]] , this helps us in identifying the [[portal hypertension]] and prognosis.
* Albumin concentration - it is important for the calculation of [[serum-ascites albumin gradient]] , this helps us in identifying the [[portal hypertension]] and prognosis.
* Protein concentration - [[low protein concentration]] is noticed in cases of [[spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] which differentiates it from secondary bacterial peritonitis where it is normal.
* Protein concentration - [[low protein concentration]] is noticed in cases of [[spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]] which differentiates it from secondary bacterial peritonitis where it is normal.
* When culture is positive, the most common pathogens are Gram-negative bacteria (most commonly ''[[Escherichia coli]]'') and Gram-positive cocci (usually [[Streptococcus]] spp. and [[enterococci]]).<ref name="pmid8228129">{{cite journal| author=Caly WR, Strauss E| title=A prospective study of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis. | journal=J Hepatol | year= 1993 | volume= 18 | issue= 3 | pages= 353-8 | pmid=8228129 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8228129  }} </ref>
* When culture is positive, the most common organisms are Gram-negative bacteria (mainly ''[[Escherichia coli]]'') and Gram-positive cocci (usually [[Streptococcus]] spp. and [[enterococci]]).<ref name="pmid8228129">{{cite journal| author=Caly WR, Strauss E| title=A prospective study of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis. | journal=J Hepatol | year= 1993 | volume= 18 | issue= 3 | pages= 353-8 | pmid=8228129 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8228129  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:38, 16 June 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Diagnosis requires paracentesis (needle drainage of the ascitic fluid). Ascites culture is negative in up to 60% of patients with clinical manifestations of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), therefore, the diagnosis is based on the neutrophil count, which reaches its highest sensitivity with a cutoff neutrophil count of > 250/mm3.[1]

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory tests, most importantly ascitic fluid analysis is required for confirmation of diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Ascitic Fluid Analysis

References

  1. European Association for the Study of the Liver (2010). "EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis". J Hepatol. 53 (3): 397–417. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.004. PMID 20633946.
  2. Caly WR, Strauss E (1993). "A prospective study of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis". J Hepatol. 18 (3): 353–8. PMID 8228129.


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