Group A streptococcal infection: Difference between revisions

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==[[Group A streptococcal infection primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]==
==[[Group A streptococcal infection primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]==
==Types of infection==
Infections are largely categorized by the location of infection:
* [[bacteremia]] -- [[bloodstream]]
* [[impetigo]], cellulitis, and [[erysipelas]] -- [[skin]] and underlying tissues
* focal infections -- limited to a particular site.  [[Bacteremia]] can be associated with these infections, but it is not always present. Treatment depends on the specific clinical findings. Types include:
** [[pneumonia]] -- [[pulmonary alveolus]]
** [[tonsillitis]] -- [[tonsil]]s
** [[septic arthritis]] -- [[joint]]s
** [[osteomyelitis]] -- [[bone]]s
** [[peritonitis]] -- [[peritoneum]]
** [[meningitis]] -- [[meninges]]
* [[necrotizing fasciitis]] -- [[skin]], [[fascia]] and [[muscle]]
* [[scarlet fever]] -- upper body
* [[sinusitis]] - [[nose]].
* [[strep throat]] -- [[pharynx]]
* [[toxic shock syndrome]] -- multiple systems
(Note that some of these diseases can be caused by other infectious agents as well.)
====Severe streptococcal infections====
Some strains of group A streptococci (GAS) cause severe infection. Those at greatest risk include children with [[chickenpox]]; persons with [[suppressed immune systems]]; [[burn]] victims; elderly persons with [[cellulitis]], [[diabetes]], blood vessel disease, or [[cancer]]; and persons taking [[steroid]] treatments or [[chemotherapy]]. [[Intravenous drug]] users also are at high risk. GAS is an important cause of [[puerperal fever]] world-wide, causing serious infection and, if not promptly diagnosed and treated, death in newly delivered mothers. Severe GAS disease may also occur in healthy persons with no known risk factors.
All severe GAS infections may lead to [[Shock (medical)|shock]], [[multisystem organ failure]], and [[death]]. Early recognition and treatment are critical. Diagnostic tests include [[blood counts]] and [[urinalysis]] as well as cultures of blood or fluid from a wound site. The antibiotic of choice is [[penicillin]], to which GAS is particularly susceptible and has never been found to be resistant.  [[Erythromycin]] and [[clindamycin]] are other treatment options, though resistance to these antibiotics exists.


==Source==
==Source==

Revision as of 18:23, 3 February 2012

Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox

Group A streptococcal infection Microchapters

Home

Overview

Classification

Impetigo
Strep throat
Rheumatic heart disease
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Sinusitis
Scarlet fever
Tonsilitis
Otitis
Osteomyelitis
Meningitis
Brain abscess
Endometritis
Cellulitis
Erysipelas
Toxic Shock Syndrome

Pathophysiology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Historical perspective

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology & Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural history, Complications, and Prognosis

Classification

Causes of Group A streptococcal infection

Differentiating Group A streptococcal infection from other Diseases

Diagnosis

History & Symptoms

Physical Examination

Lab Tests

Chest X Ray

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Source

  • The original text of this article is taken from the NIH Fact Sheet "Group A Streptococcal Infections", dated March 1999. As a work of the U.S. Federal Government without any other copyright notice, this is assumed to be a public domain resource.

References

External links


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