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'''Fluphenazine''' (marketed as Prolixin) is a [[typical antipsychotic]] [[medication|drug]] used for the treatment of [[psychosis|psychoses]] such as [[schizophrenia]] and acute [[manic]] phases of bipolar disorder. It belongs to the [[piperazine]] class of [[phenothiazine]]s and is extremely potent; more potent than [[haloperidol]] and around fifty to seventy times the potency of [[chlorpromazine]].
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|useInPregnancyFDA=* '''Pregnancy Category'''
|useInPregnancyAUS=* '''Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category'''
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of {{PAGENAME}} in women who are pregnant.
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery.
|useInNursing=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to nursing mothers.
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|useInGeri=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to geriatric patients.
|useInGender=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific gender populations.
|useInRace=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific racial populations.
|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment.
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment.
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males.
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised.
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: [[File:{{PAGENAME}}01.png|thumb|none|600px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]
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|nonClinToxic=There is limited information regarding <i>Nonclinical Toxicology</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
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|fdaPatientInfo=There is limited information regarding <i>Patient Counseling Information</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
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|alcohol=* Alcohol-{{PAGENAME}} interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
Its main use is as a long acting injection given once every two or three weeks to people with [[schizophrenia]] who have a poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness. In some countries this can be involuntary under Community Treatment Orders.
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Its side effect profile is similar to [[haloperidol]], namely predominantly [[dopamine]]-blocking effects which give rise to [[akathisia]], [[parkinsonism]] and tremor. Long term side effects include the potentially irreversible [[tardive dyskinesia]] and the potentially fatal [[neuroleptic malignant syndrome]].
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Fluphenazine has an incomplete oral bioavailability of 40% to 50% (due to extensive first pass metabolization in the liver). Its half life is 15 to 30 hours.
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==Dosing==
12.5 mg of [[fluphenazine]] decanoate is roughly equivalent to 100 mg of [[zuclopenthixol]] decanoate or 20 mg of [[flupentixol]] decanoate.
== Side effects ==
{{see|Typical antipsychotic}}
Notable side effects include [[akathisia]], [[extrapyramidal]] side effects, including [[tardive dyskinesia]]. The frequency and severity of extrapyramidal side effects are direct proportional to the dose given and the duration of treatment.
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Sedative, allergic-toxic and [[anticholinergic]]/sympatholytic side effects are less likely to occur compared with [[chlorpromazine]]. The direct deposition of fluphenazine in the [[cornea]] and [[retina]] has so far not been reported.
[[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome]], although rare, is a potentially lethal side effect of all [[antipsychotics]].
== References ==
* [http://www.drugguide.com/monograph_library/psychotropic_drugs/fluphenazine.htm "Fluphenazine."] ''Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses, Eighth Edition.'' F.A. Davis Company, 2005. ISBN 0-8036-2455-7
* [http://www.biam2.org/www/Sub3234.html FLUPHENAZINE DICHLORHYDRATE] [Article in French] ''Biam'' Last Updated: 11 December 2000. Accessed 14 September 2005.
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Black Box Warning
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See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
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Content
Overview
Fluphenazine is a {{{drugClass}}} that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of {{{indication}}}. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include .
Adult Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
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Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)
Guideline-Supported Use
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There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Fluphenazine in adult patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
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There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Fluphenazine in adult patients.
Pediatric Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
Condition1
Dosing Information
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Condition2
There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Fluphenazine in pediatric patients.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)
Guideline-Supported Use
Condition1
Developed by:
Class of Recommendation:
Strength of Evidence:
Dosing Information
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Condition2
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Fluphenazine in pediatric patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
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Dosing Information
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Condition2
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Fluphenazine in pediatric patients.
Contraindications
Condition1
Warnings
ConditionName:
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
ConditionName:
Content
Description
Precautions
Description
Adverse Reactions
Clinical Trials Experience
There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Fluphenazine in the drug label.
Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous
Postmarketing Experience
There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Fluphenazine in the drug label.