Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (patient information)

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Jinhui Wu, MD

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How do I know if I have total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and what are the symptoms of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection?

Symptoms vary sidely. Sometimes no symptoms may be present in infancy or early childhood. Sometimes signs may display critically like the following:

• Cyanosis
• Lethargy
• Frequent respiratory infections
• Poor feeding and grow
• Rapid breathing

Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.

Who is at risk for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection?

The cause of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is not clear. Some patients have other congenital heart disease.

How to know you have total anomalous pulmonary venous connection?

• Echocardiography: This kind of painless test can help the doctor closely examine total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. It uses sound waves to produce an image of the ventricles, atrium and great vessles. Echocardiogram can tell the relationship of great vessles and ventricles or atria. Further more, the doctor can measure the speed of blood flow by echocardiogram. The doctor can also find other congenital defect by echocardiogram.
• Chest x-ray: An x-ray image of chest allows the doctor to check the size and shape of your great vessles and heart.
• Chest CT or MRI: A chest CT or MRI can demonstrate the details of the heart extremely well, such as the great vessles, vascular, atrial and ventricular structures and their relationships to one another.
• Cardiac catheterization: This is not a common diagnostic measure for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. In a catheter room, the doctor threads a thin tube through a blood vessel in the patient's arm or groin to an artery in the heart and injects dye to see great vessles, atria and ventricles on an x-ray. Cardiac catheterization can reveal associated cardiac abnormalities are known or suspected.

When to seek urgent medical care?

Call your health care provider as soon as possible if your baby has symptoms of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

Where to find medical care for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection?

Directions to Hospitals Treating total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Prevention of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

The preventive measure of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is unknown.

What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)?

Prognosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous depends on whether the surgery has been done with the patient. Without surgery, death may occur by age one in babies with more severe defects.

Copyleft Sources

http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1315

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001115.htm