Waldenström's macroglobulinemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia include any cytopenia, elevated LDH, and elevated Beta-2 microglobulin.
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia include any [[cytopenia]], elevated [[Lactate dehydrogenase|LDH]], and elevated [[Beta-2 microglobulin]].


==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938  }} </ref>
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:<ref name="pmid11736938">{{cite journal| author=García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A et al.| title=Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 2001 | volume= 115 | issue= 3 | pages= 575-82 | pmid=11736938 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11736938  }} </ref>
* '''Complete blood count''':
* '''Complete blood count''':
**Anemia
**[[Anemia]]
***Seen in 40% of newly diagnosed patients and in 80% of symptomatic patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
***Seen in 40% of newly diagnosed patients and in 80% of symptomatic patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
***Multifactorial causes including: decreased RBC synthesis due to bone marrow infiltration, iron deficiency due to gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic inflammation.
***Multifactorial causes including: decreased RBC synthesis due to [[bone marrow infiltration]], [[iron deficiency]] due to [[gastrointestinal bleeding]], and [[chronic inflammation]].
**[[Thrombocytopenia]]
**[[Thrombocytopenia]]
***Due to bone marrow infiltration
***Due to bone marrow infiltration
****
****
**Neutropenia
**[[Neutropenia]]
***Due to bone marrow infiltration
***Due to bone marrow infiltration
**Lymphocytosis
**[[Lymphocytosis]]
**Monocytosis
**[[Monocytosis]]
* '''Peripheral smear''':
* '''Peripheral smear''':
**Plasmacytoid lymphocytes
**[[Plasmacytoid]] lymphocytes
**Normocytic normochromic red blood cells
**[[Normocytic normochromic anemia|Normocytic normochromic red blood cells]]
**[[Rouleaux]] formation
**[[Rouleaux]] formation
* '''Chemistry Lab tests:'''<ref name="pmid19520758">{{cite journal| author=Katzmann JA, Kyle RA, Benson J, Larson DR, Snyder MR, Lust JA et al.| title=Screening panels for detection of monoclonal gammopathies. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 2009 | volume= 55 | issue= 8 | pages= 1517-22 | pmid=19520758 | doi=10.1373/clinchem.2009.126664 | pmc=3773468 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19520758  }} </ref>
* '''Chemistry Lab tests:'''<ref name="pmid19520758">{{cite journal| author=Katzmann JA, Kyle RA, Benson J, Larson DR, Snyder MR, Lust JA et al.| title=Screening panels for detection of monoclonal gammopathies. | journal=Clin Chem | year= 2009 | volume= 55 | issue= 8 | pages= 1517-22 | pmid=19520758 | doi=10.1373/clinchem.2009.126664 | pmc=3773468 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19520758  }} </ref>
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**Electrolyte abnormalities:
**Electrolyte abnormalities:
***[[Hypercalcemia]]
***[[Hypercalcemia]]
***Hyponatremia
***[[Hyponatremia]]
**Elevated [[erythrocyte sedimentation rate]] (ESR) and [[uric acid]]
**Elevated [[erythrocyte sedimentation rate]] (ESR) and [[uric acid]]
**[[Rheumatoid factor]], [[cryoglobulins]], direct anti-globulin test, and cold agglutinin titre results can be positive  
**[[Rheumatoid factor]], [[cryoglobulins]], direct anti-globulin test, and [[cold agglutinin titre]] results can be positive  
**Elevated [[beta-2-microglobulin]] in proportion to tumor mass
**Elevated [[beta-2-microglobulin]] in proportion to tumor mass
*** Needed to evaluate prognosis
*** Needed to evaluate prognosis
* '''Platelet function test and blood coagulation studies:'''
* '''Platelet function test and blood coagulation studies:'''
** Prolonged bleeding time<ref name="pmid4924493">{{cite journal| author=Penny R, Castaldi PA, Whitsed HM| title=Inflammation and haemostasis in paraproteinaemias. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 1971 | volume= 20 | issue= 1 | pages= 35-44 | pmid=4924493 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4924493  }} </ref>
** Prolonged bleeding time<ref name="pmid4924493">{{cite journal| author=Penny R, Castaldi PA, Whitsed HM| title=Inflammation and haemostasis in paraproteinaemias. | journal=Br J Haematol | year= 1971 | volume= 20 | issue= 1 | pages= 35-44 | pmid=4924493 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4924493  }} </ref>
*** Possibly due to interaction between platelet surface glycoproteins and IgM paraprotein
*** Possibly due to interaction between [[platelet]] membrane [[Glycoprotein|glycoproteins]] and [[IgM]] [[paraprotein]]
** Abnormalities in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrinogen
** Abnormalities in [[prothrombin time]], [[activated partial thromboplastin time]], [[thrombin time]], and [[fibrinogen]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 15:08, 31 October 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2] Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [3]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia include any cytopenia, elevated LDH, and elevated Beta-2 microglobulin.

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include:[1]

References

  1. García-Sanz R, Montoto S, Torrequebrada A, de Coca AG, Petit J, Sureda A; et al. (2001). "Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: presenting features and outcome in a series with 217 cases". Br J Haematol. 115 (3): 575–82. PMID 11736938.
  2. Katzmann JA, Kyle RA, Benson J, Larson DR, Snyder MR, Lust JA; et al. (2009). "Screening panels for detection of monoclonal gammopathies". Clin Chem. 55 (8): 1517–22. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.126664. PMC 3773468. PMID 19520758.
  3. Penny R, Castaldi PA, Whitsed HM (1971). "Inflammation and haemostasis in paraproteinaemias". Br J Haematol. 20 (1): 35–44. PMID 4924493.

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