Coronary artery bypass surgery perioperative management of myocardial dysfunction: Difference between revisions
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Hardik Patel (talk | contribs) (/* Preconditioning/Management of Myocardial Ischemia (DO NOT EDIT){{cite journal| author=Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG et al.| title=2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of t...) |
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| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Measurement of biomarkers of myonecrosis (eg, [[creatine kinase]]-MB, [[troponin]]) is reasonable in the first 24 hours after CABG.<ref name="pmid18721510">{{cite journal| author=Yau JM, Alexander JH, Hafley G, Mahaffey KW, Mack MJ, Kouchoukos N et al.| title=Impact of perioperative myocardial infarction on angiographic and clinical outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (from PRoject of Ex-vivo Vein graft ENgineering via Transfection [PREVENT] IV). | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 2008 | volume= 102 | issue= 5 | pages= 546-51 | pmid=18721510 | doi=10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.069 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18721510 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | | bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Measurement of biomarkers of myonecrosis (eg, [[creatine kinase]]-MB, [[troponin]]) is reasonable in the first 24 hours after CABG.<ref name="pmid18721510">{{cite journal| author=Yau JM, Alexander JH, Hafley G, Mahaffey KW, Mack MJ, Kouchoukos N et al.| title=Impact of perioperative myocardial infarction on angiographic and clinical outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (from PRoject of Ex-vivo Vein graft ENgineering via Transfection [PREVENT] IV). | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 2008 | volume= 102 | issue= 5 | pages= 546-51 | pmid=18721510 | doi=10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.069 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18721510 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
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===Transfusion (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid22064599">{{cite journal| author=Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG et al.| title=2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=Circulation | year= 2011 | volume= | issue= | pages= |pmid=22064599|doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22064599 }} </ref>=== | |||
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| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] | |||
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| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Aggressive attempts at blood conservation are indicated to limit hemodilutional [[anemia]] and the need for intraoperative and perioperative allogeneic [[red blood cell]] transfusion in [[CABG]] patients.<ref name="pmid16631651">{{cite journal| author=Koch CG, Li L, Duncan AI, Mihaljevic T, Loop FD, Starr NJ et al.| title=Transfusion in coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with reduced long-term survival. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2006 | volume= 81 | issue= 5 | pages= 1650-7 | pmid=16631651 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.12.037 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16631651 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16820613">{{cite journal| author=Surgenor SD, DeFoe GR, Fillinger MP, Likosky DS, Groom RC, Clark C et al.| title=Intraoperative red blood cell transfusion during coronary artery bypass graft surgery increases the risk of postoperative low-output heart failure. | journal=Circulation | year= 2006 | volume= 114 | issue= 1 Suppl | pages= I43-8 | pmid=16820613 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.001271 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16820613 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19815567">{{cite journal| author=van Straten AH, Bekker MW, Soliman Hamad MA, van Zundert AA, Martens EJ, Schönberger JP et al.| title=Transfusion of red blood cells: the impact on short-term and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting, a ten-year follow-up. | journal=Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= 37-42 | pmid=19815567 | doi=10.1510/icvts.2009.214551 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19815567 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20231104">{{cite journal| author=van Straten AH, Kats S, Bekker MW, Verstappen F, ter Woorst JF, van Zundert AJ et al.| title=Risk factors for red blood cell transfusion after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. | journal=J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth | year= 2010 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 413-7 | pmid=20231104 | doi=10.1053/j.jvca.2010.01.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20231104 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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===Preconditioning/Management of Myocardial Ischemia (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid22064599">{{cite journal| author=Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG et al.| title=2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=Circulation | year= 2011 | volume= | issue= | pages= |pmid=22064599 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22064599 }} </ref>=== | |||
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| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]] | |||
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| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Management targeted at optimizing the determinants of coronary arterial perfusion (eg, [[heart rate]], diastolic or [[mean arterial pressure]], and right ventricular or LV end-diastolic pressure) is recommended to reduce the risk of perioperative [[myocardial ischemia]] and infarction.<ref name="pmid18290898">{{cite journal| author=Dyub AM, Whitlock RP, Abouzahr LL, Cinà CS| title=Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=J Card Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 23 | issue= 1 | pages= 79-86 | pmid=18290898 | doi=10.1111/j.1540-8191.2007.00499.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18290898 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18223669">{{cite journal| author=Heusch G| title=Heart rate in the pathophysiology of coronary blood flow and myocardial ischaemia: benefit from selective bradycardic agents. | journal=Br J Pharmacol | year= 2008 | volume= 153 | issue= 8 | pages= 1589-601 | pmid=18223669 | doi=10.1038/sj.bjp.0707673 | pmc=PMC2438254 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18223669 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3970360">{{cite journal| author=Slogoff S, Keats AS| title=Does perioperative myocardial ischemia lead to postoperative myocardial infarction? | journal=Anesthesiology | year= 1985 | volume= 62 | issue= 2 | pages= 107-14 | pmid=3970360 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3970360 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12392846">{{cite journal| author=Gibbons RJ, Balady GJ, Bricker JT, Chaitman BR, Fletcher GF, Froelicher VF et al.| title=ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for exercise testing: summary article. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1997 Exercise Testing Guidelines). | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2002 | volume= 40 | issue= 8 | pages= 1531-40 | pmid=12392846 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12392846 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19909993">{{cite journal| author=Lavana JD, Fraser JF, Smith SE, Drake L, Tesar P, Mullany DV| title=Influence of timing of intraaortic balloon placement in cardiac surgical patients. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 140 | issue= 1 | pages= 80-5 | pmid=19909993 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.09.033 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19909993 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIa]] | |||
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| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Volatile-based anesthesia can be useful in reducing the risk of perioperative [[myocardial ischemia]] and infarction.<ref name="pmid17678775">{{cite journal| author=Landoni G, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Zangrillo A, Bignami E, D'Avolio S, Marchetti C et al.| title=Desflurane and sevoflurane in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. | journal=J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth | year= 2007 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 502-11 | pmid=17678775 | doi=10.1053/j.jvca.2007.02.013 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17678775 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17325502">{{cite journal| author=Lucchinetti E, Hofer C, Bestmann L, Hersberger M, Feng J, Zhu M et al.| title=Gene regulatory control of myocardial energy metabolism predicts postoperative cardiac function in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: inhalational versus intravenous anesthetics. | journal=Anesthesiology | year= 2007 | volume= 106 | issue= 3 | pages= 444-57 | pmid=17325502 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17325502 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19848312">{{cite journal| author=Yao YT, Li LH| title=Sevoflurane versus propofol for myocardial protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | journal=Chin Med Sci J | year= 2009 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 133-41 | pmid=19848312 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19848312 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16960269">{{cite journal| author=Yu CH, Beattie WS| title=The effects of volatile anesthetics on cardiac ischemic complications and mortality in CABG: a meta-analysis. | journal=Can J Anaesth | year= 2006 | volume= 53 | issue= 9 | pages= 906-18 | pmid=16960269 | doi=10.1007/BF03022834 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16960269 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background: | | colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIb]] | ||
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| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' The effectiveness of prophylactic pharmacological therapies or controlled reperfusion strategies aimed at inducing preconditioning or attenuating the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury or surgically induced systemic inflammation is uncertain.<ref name="pmid20548978">{{cite journal| author=Rabi D, Clement F, McAlister F, Majumdar S, Sauve R, Johnson J et al.| title=Effect of perioperative glucose-insulin-potassium infusions on mortality and atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=Can J Cardiol | year= 2010 | volume= 26 | issue= 6 | pages= 178-84 | pmid=20548978 | doi= | pmc=PMC2903988 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20548978 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20416890">{{cite journal| author=Buckberg GD| title=Controlled reperfusion after ischemia may be the unifying recovery denominator. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 140 | issue= 1 | pages= 12-8, 18.e1-2 | pmid=20416890 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.02.014 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20416890 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18381567">{{cite journal| author=MEND-CABG II Investigators. Alexander JH, Emery RW, Carrier M, Ellis SJ, Mehta RH et al.| title=Efficacy and safety of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (MC-1) in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: the MEND-CABG II randomized clinical trial. | journal=JAMA | year= 2008 | volume= 299 | issue= 15 | pages= 1777-87 | pmid=18381567 | doi=10.1001/jama.299.15.joc80027 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18381567 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9002496">{{cite journal| author=Mangano DT| title=Effects of acadesine on myocardial infarction, stroke, and death following surgery. A meta-analysis of the 5 international randomized trials. The Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. | journal=JAMA | year= 1997 | volume= 277 | issue= 4 | pages= 325-32 | pmid=9002496 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9002496 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16814669">{{cite journal| author=Mangano DT, Miao Y, Tudor IC, Dietzel C, Investigators of the Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. Ischemia Research and Education Foundation (IREF)| title=Post-reperfusion myocardial infarction: long-term survival improvement using adenosine regulation with acadesine. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2006 | volume= 48 | issue= 1 | pages= 206-14 | pmid=16814669 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.044 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16814669 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14992903">{{cite journal| author=Shernan SK, Fitch JC, Nussmeier NA, Chen JC, Rollins SA, Mojcik CF et al.| title=Impact of pexelizumab, an anti-C5 complement antibody, on total mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in cardiac surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2004 | volume= 77 | issue= 3 | pages= 942-9; discussion 949-50 | pmid=14992903 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.08.054 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14992903 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20880552">{{cite journal| author=Smith PK, Shernan SK, Chen JC, Carrier M, Verrier ED, Adams PX et al.| title=Effects of C5 complement inhibitor pexelizumab on outcome in high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting: combined results from the PRIMO-CABG I and II trials. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2011 | volume= 142 | issue= 1 | pages= 89-98 | pmid=20880552 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.08.035 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20880552 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18954626">{{cite journal| author=Testa L, Van Gaal WJ, Bhindi R, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Abbate A, Agostoni P et al.| title=Pexelizumab in ischemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis on 15,196 patients. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 136 | issue= 4 | pages= 884-93 | pmid=18954626 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.12.062 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18954626 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>”</nowiki>'''2.''' Mechanical preconditioning might be considered to reduce the risk of perioperative [[myocardial ischemia]] and infarction in patients undergoing off-pump [[CABG]].<ref name="pmid11948051">{{cite journal| author=Laurikka J, Wu ZK, Iisalo P, Kaukinen L, Honkonen EL, Kaukinen S et al.| title=Regional ischemic preconditioning enhances myocardial performance in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. | journal=Chest | year= 2002 | volume= 121 | issue= 4 | pages= 1183-9 | pmid=11948051 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11948051 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12683571">{{cite journal| author=Penttilä HJ, Lepojärvi MV, Kaukoranta PK, Kiviluoma KT, Ylitalo KV, Peuhkurinen KJ| title=Ischemic preconditioning does not improve myocardial preservation during off-pump multivessel coronary operation. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 75 | issue= 4 | pages= 1246-52; discussion 1252-3 | pmid=12683571 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12683571 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18783958">{{cite journal| author=Walsh SR, Tang TY, Kullar P, Jenkins DP, Dutka DP, Gaunt ME| title=Ischaemic preconditioning during cardiac surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative outcomes in randomised clinical trials. | journal=Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 34 | issue= 5 | pages= 985-94 | pmid=18783958 | doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.07.062 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18783958 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' Remote ischemic preconditioning strategies using peripheral-extremity occlusion/reperfusion might be considered to attenuate the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury.<ref name="pmid17707752">{{cite journal| author=Hausenloy DJ, Mwamure PK, Venugopal V, Harris J, Barnard M, Grundy E et al.| title=Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomised controlled trial. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 370 | issue= 9587 | pages= 575-9 | pmid=17707752 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61296-3 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17707752 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20837926">{{cite journal| author=Rahman IA, Mascaro JG, Steeds RP, Frenneaux MP, Nightingale P, Gosling P et al.| title=Remote ischemic preconditioning in human coronary artery bypass surgery: from promise to disappointment? | journal=Circulation | year= 2010 | volume= 122 | issue= 11 Suppl | pages= S53-9 | pmid=20837926 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.926667 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20837926 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19508973">{{cite journal| author=Venugopal V, Hausenloy DJ, Ludman A, Di Salvo C, Kolvekar S, Yap J et al.| title=Remote ischaemic preconditioning reduces myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cold-blood cardioplegia: a randomised controlled trial. | journal=Heart | year= 2009 | volume= 95 | issue= 19 | pages= 1567-71 | pmid=19508973 | doi=10.1136/hrt.2008.155770 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19508973 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: B]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | |||
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| bgcolor=" | | bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>”</nowiki>'''4.''' The effectiveness of postconditioning strategies to attenuate the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury is uncertain.<ref name="pmid18078762">{{cite journal| author=Luo W, Li B, Chen R, Huang R, Lin G| title=Effect of ischemic postconditioning in adult valve replacement. | journal=Eur J Cardiothorac Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 33 | issue= 2 | pages= 203-8 | pmid=18078762 | doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.11.010 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18078762 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20448097">{{cite journal| author=Ovize M, Baxter GF, Di Lisa F, Ferdinandy P, Garcia-Dorado D, Hausenloy DJ et al.| title=Postconditioning and protection from reperfusion injury: where do we stand? Position paper from the Working Group of Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology. | journal=Cardiovasc Res | year= 2010 | volume= 87 | issue= 3 | pages= 406-23 | pmid=20448097 | doi=10.1093/cvr/cvq129 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20448097 }} </ref> ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki> | ||
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== | ==Sources== | ||
*2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines<ref name="pmid22064599">{{cite journal| author=Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG et al.| title=2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=Circulation | year= 2011 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=22064599 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22064599 }} </ref> | *2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines<ref name="pmid22064599">{{cite journal| author=Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG et al.| title=2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. | journal=Circulation | year= 2011 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=22064599 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22064599 }} </ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 15:09, 9 November 2012
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Microchapters | |
Pathophysiology | |
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Diagnosis | |
Treatment | |
Perioperative Monitoring | |
Surgical Procedure | |
Special Scenarios | |
Coronary artery bypass surgery perioperative management of myocardial dysfunction On the Web | |
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CDC on Coronary artery bypass surgery perioperative management of myocardial dysfunction | |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]
2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (DO NOT EDIT)[1]
Perioperative Myocardial Dysfunction (DO NOT EDIT)[1]
Class IIa |
"1. In the absence of severe, symptomatic aorto-iliac occlusive disease or peripheral artery disease, the insertion of an intra-aortic balloon is reasonable to reduce mortality rate in CABG patients who are considered to be at high risk (eg, those who are undergoing reoperation or have LVEF <30% or left main CAD).[2][3][4][5][6][7] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
"2. Measurement of biomarkers of myonecrosis (eg, creatine kinase-MB, troponin) is reasonable in the first 24 hours after CABG.[8] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
Transfusion (DO NOT EDIT)[1]
Class I |
"1. Aggressive attempts at blood conservation are indicated to limit hemodilutional anemia and the need for intraoperative and perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion in CABG patients.[9][10][11][12] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
Preconditioning/Management of Myocardial Ischemia (DO NOT EDIT)[1]
Class I |
"1. Management targeted at optimizing the determinants of coronary arterial perfusion (eg, heart rate, diastolic or mean arterial pressure, and right ventricular or LV end-diastolic pressure) is recommended to reduce the risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction.[13][14][15][16][17] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
Class IIa |
"1. Volatile-based anesthesia can be useful in reducing the risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction.[18][19][20][21] (Level of Evidence: A)" |
Class IIb |
"1. The effectiveness of prophylactic pharmacological therapies or controlled reperfusion strategies aimed at inducing preconditioning or attenuating the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury or surgically induced systemic inflammation is uncertain.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] (Level of Evidence: A)" |
”2. Mechanical preconditioning might be considered to reduce the risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction in patients undergoing off-pump CABG.[30][31][32] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
"3. Remote ischemic preconditioning strategies using peripheral-extremity occlusion/reperfusion might be considered to attenuate the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury.[33][34][35] (Level of Evidence: B)" |
”4. The effectiveness of postconditioning strategies to attenuate the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury is uncertain.[36][37] (Level of Evidence: C)" |
Sources
- 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery : A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, Bittl JA, Bridges CR, Byrne JG; et al. (2011). "2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". Circulation. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823c074e. PMID 22064599.
- ↑ Christenson JT, Cohen M, Ferguson JJ, Freedman RJ, Miller MF, Ohman EM; et al. (2002). "Trends in intraaortic balloon counterpulsation complications and outcomes in cardiac surgery". Ann Thorac Surg. 74 (4): 1086–90, discussion 1090-1. PMID 12400750.
- ↑ Christenson JT, Simonet F, Badel P, Schmuziger M (1999). "Optimal timing of preoperative intraaortic balloon pump support in high-risk coronary patients". Ann Thorac Surg. 68 (3): 934–9. PMID 10509987.
- ↑ Christenson JT, Licker M, Kalangos A (2003). "The role of intra-aortic counterpulsation in high-risk OPCAB surgery: a prospective randomized study". J Card Surg. 18 (4): 286–94. PMID 12869172.
- ↑ Christenson JT, Schmuziger M, Simonet F (2001). "Effective surgical management of high-risk coronary patients using preoperative intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation therapy". Cardiovasc Surg. 9 (4): 383–90. PMID 11420164.
- ↑ Urban PM, Freedman RJ, Ohman EM, Stone GW, Christenson JT, Cohen M; et al. (2004). "In-hospital mortality associated with the use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation". Am J Cardiol. 94 (2): 181–5. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.03.058. PMID 15246896.
- ↑ Santa-Cruz RA, Cohen MG, Ohman EM (2006). "Aortic counterpulsation: a review of the hemodynamic effects and indications for use". Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 67 (1): 68–77. doi:10.1002/ccd.20552. PMID 16342217.
- ↑ Yau JM, Alexander JH, Hafley G, Mahaffey KW, Mack MJ, Kouchoukos N; et al. (2008). "Impact of perioperative myocardial infarction on angiographic and clinical outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (from PRoject of Ex-vivo Vein graft ENgineering via Transfection [PREVENT] IV)". Am J Cardiol. 102 (5): 546–51. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.069. PMID 18721510.
- ↑ Koch CG, Li L, Duncan AI, Mihaljevic T, Loop FD, Starr NJ; et al. (2006). "Transfusion in coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with reduced long-term survival". Ann Thorac Surg. 81 (5): 1650–7. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.12.037. PMID 16631651.
- ↑ Surgenor SD, DeFoe GR, Fillinger MP, Likosky DS, Groom RC, Clark C; et al. (2006). "Intraoperative red blood cell transfusion during coronary artery bypass graft surgery increases the risk of postoperative low-output heart failure". Circulation. 114 (1 Suppl): I43–8. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.001271. PMID 16820613.
- ↑ van Straten AH, Bekker MW, Soliman Hamad MA, van Zundert AA, Martens EJ, Schönberger JP; et al. (2010). "Transfusion of red blood cells: the impact on short-term and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting, a ten-year follow-up". Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 10 (1): 37–42. doi:10.1510/icvts.2009.214551. PMID 19815567.
- ↑ van Straten AH, Kats S, Bekker MW, Verstappen F, ter Woorst JF, van Zundert AJ; et al. (2010). "Risk factors for red blood cell transfusion after coronary artery bypass graft surgery". J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 24 (3): 413–7. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2010.01.001. PMID 20231104.
- ↑ Dyub AM, Whitlock RP, Abouzahr LL, Cinà CS (2008). "Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis". J Card Surg. 23 (1): 79–86. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8191.2007.00499.x. PMID 18290898.
- ↑ Heusch G (2008). "Heart rate in the pathophysiology of coronary blood flow and myocardial ischaemia: benefit from selective bradycardic agents". Br J Pharmacol. 153 (8): 1589–601. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707673. PMC 2438254. PMID 18223669.
- ↑ Slogoff S, Keats AS (1985). "Does perioperative myocardial ischemia lead to postoperative myocardial infarction?". Anesthesiology. 62 (2): 107–14. PMID 3970360.
- ↑ Gibbons RJ, Balady GJ, Bricker JT, Chaitman BR, Fletcher GF, Froelicher VF; et al. (2002). "ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for exercise testing: summary article. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1997 Exercise Testing Guidelines)". J Am Coll Cardiol. 40 (8): 1531–40. PMID 12392846.
- ↑ Lavana JD, Fraser JF, Smith SE, Drake L, Tesar P, Mullany DV (2010). "Influence of timing of intraaortic balloon placement in cardiac surgical patients". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 140 (1): 80–5. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.09.033. PMID 19909993.
- ↑ Landoni G, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Zangrillo A, Bignami E, D'Avolio S, Marchetti C; et al. (2007). "Desflurane and sevoflurane in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials". J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 21 (4): 502–11. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2007.02.013. PMID 17678775.
- ↑ Lucchinetti E, Hofer C, Bestmann L, Hersberger M, Feng J, Zhu M; et al. (2007). "Gene regulatory control of myocardial energy metabolism predicts postoperative cardiac function in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: inhalational versus intravenous anesthetics". Anesthesiology. 106 (3): 444–57. PMID 17325502.
- ↑ Yao YT, Li LH (2009). "Sevoflurane versus propofol for myocardial protection in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Chin Med Sci J. 24 (3): 133–41. PMID 19848312.
- ↑ Yu CH, Beattie WS (2006). "The effects of volatile anesthetics on cardiac ischemic complications and mortality in CABG: a meta-analysis". Can J Anaesth. 53 (9): 906–18. doi:10.1007/BF03022834. PMID 16960269.
- ↑ Rabi D, Clement F, McAlister F, Majumdar S, Sauve R, Johnson J; et al. (2010). "Effect of perioperative glucose-insulin-potassium infusions on mortality and atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Can J Cardiol. 26 (6): 178–84. PMC 2903988. PMID 20548978.
- ↑ Buckberg GD (2010). "Controlled reperfusion after ischemia may be the unifying recovery denominator". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 140 (1): 12–8, 18.e1–2. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.02.014. PMID 20416890.
- ↑ MEND-CABG II Investigators. Alexander JH, Emery RW, Carrier M, Ellis SJ, Mehta RH; et al. (2008). "Efficacy and safety of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (MC-1) in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: the MEND-CABG II randomized clinical trial". JAMA. 299 (15): 1777–87. doi:10.1001/jama.299.15.joc80027. PMID 18381567.
- ↑ Mangano DT (1997). "Effects of acadesine on myocardial infarction, stroke, and death following surgery. A meta-analysis of the 5 international randomized trials. The Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group". JAMA. 277 (4): 325–32. PMID 9002496.
- ↑ Mangano DT, Miao Y, Tudor IC, Dietzel C, Investigators of the Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. Ischemia Research and Education Foundation (IREF) (2006). "Post-reperfusion myocardial infarction: long-term survival improvement using adenosine regulation with acadesine". J Am Coll Cardiol. 48 (1): 206–14. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.04.044. PMID 16814669.
- ↑ Shernan SK, Fitch JC, Nussmeier NA, Chen JC, Rollins SA, Mojcik CF; et al. (2004). "Impact of pexelizumab, an anti-C5 complement antibody, on total mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in cardiac surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass". Ann Thorac Surg. 77 (3): 942–9, discussion 949-50. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.08.054. PMID 14992903.
- ↑ Smith PK, Shernan SK, Chen JC, Carrier M, Verrier ED, Adams PX; et al. (2011). "Effects of C5 complement inhibitor pexelizumab on outcome in high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting: combined results from the PRIMO-CABG I and II trials". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 142 (1): 89–98. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2010.08.035. PMID 20880552.
- ↑ Testa L, Van Gaal WJ, Bhindi R, Biondi-Zoccai GG, Abbate A, Agostoni P; et al. (2008). "Pexelizumab in ischemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis on 15,196 patients". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 136 (4): 884–93. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.12.062. PMID 18954626.
- ↑ Laurikka J, Wu ZK, Iisalo P, Kaukinen L, Honkonen EL, Kaukinen S; et al. (2002). "Regional ischemic preconditioning enhances myocardial performance in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting". Chest. 121 (4): 1183–9. PMID 11948051.
- ↑ Penttilä HJ, Lepojärvi MV, Kaukoranta PK, Kiviluoma KT, Ylitalo KV, Peuhkurinen KJ (2003). "Ischemic preconditioning does not improve myocardial preservation during off-pump multivessel coronary operation". Ann Thorac Surg. 75 (4): 1246–52, discussion 1252-3. PMID 12683571.
- ↑ Walsh SR, Tang TY, Kullar P, Jenkins DP, Dutka DP, Gaunt ME (2008). "Ischaemic preconditioning during cardiac surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative outcomes in randomised clinical trials". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 34 (5): 985–94. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.07.062. PMID 18783958.
- ↑ Hausenloy DJ, Mwamure PK, Venugopal V, Harris J, Barnard M, Grundy E; et al. (2007). "Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on myocardial injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomised controlled trial". Lancet. 370 (9587): 575–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61296-3. PMID 17707752.
- ↑ Rahman IA, Mascaro JG, Steeds RP, Frenneaux MP, Nightingale P, Gosling P; et al. (2010). "Remote ischemic preconditioning in human coronary artery bypass surgery: from promise to disappointment?". Circulation. 122 (11 Suppl): S53–9. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.926667. PMID 20837926.
- ↑ Venugopal V, Hausenloy DJ, Ludman A, Di Salvo C, Kolvekar S, Yap J; et al. (2009). "Remote ischaemic preconditioning reduces myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cold-blood cardioplegia: a randomised controlled trial". Heart. 95 (19): 1567–71. doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.155770. PMID 19508973.
- ↑ Luo W, Li B, Chen R, Huang R, Lin G (2008). "Effect of ischemic postconditioning in adult valve replacement". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 33 (2): 203–8. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.11.010. PMID 18078762.
- ↑ Ovize M, Baxter GF, Di Lisa F, Ferdinandy P, Garcia-Dorado D, Hausenloy DJ; et al. (2010). "Postconditioning and protection from reperfusion injury: where do we stand? Position paper from the Working Group of Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology". Cardiovasc Res. 87 (3): 406–23. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvq129. PMID 20448097.