Heart murmur natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Heart murmur}} | {{Heart murmur}} | ||
{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{nuha}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{nuha}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[heart murmur]] may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the [[precardium]] or as pathological murmur, the majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally. Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause of the murmur for example MR may lead to development of [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], and [[right heart failure]],and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to [[angina]], [[syncope]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[endocarditis]], and [[sudden cardiac death]]. | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ||
===Natural History=== | ===Natural History=== | ||
*[[heart murmur]] may present as innocent murmrur | |||
*It may | *[[heart murmur]] may present as [[Innocent murmur|innocent murmrur]] or as pathological murmur. | ||
* Heart | *It may present with [[symptoms]] for instance [[chest pain]], [[breathlessness]], or present with signs of [[cardiac]] or extra cardiac disease. | ||
* The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | *Heart murmurs represent the second most common reason for referral to [[pediatric]] [[cardiologist]] after [[asthma]].<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | ||
*The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.<ref name="KhushuKelsall2014">{{cite journal|last1=Khushu|first1=Abha|last2=Kelsall|first2=Anthony W.|last3=Usher-Smith|first3=Juliet A.|title=Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology|journal=Cardiology in the Young|volume=25|issue=1|year=2014|pages=123–127|issn=1047-9511|doi=10.1017/S104795111400095X}}</ref> | |||
===Complications and Prognosis=== | ===Complications and Prognosis=== | ||
*Complication and prognosis of heart murmur depend on the cause, the type and severity of the murmur.<ref name="urlHeart Murmur - Harvard Health">{{cite web |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/heart-murmur-a-to-z |title=Heart Murmur - Harvard Health |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> for example [[mitral regurgitation]] may lead to development of [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], and [[right heart failure]],and in case of [[aortic valve stenosis]] can lead to [[angina]], [[syncope]]. | |||
*[[innocent heart murmur]] found incidentally and have a good [[prognosis]]. | |||
Latest revision as of 18:27, 28 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2]
Overview
heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur in one particular area of the precardium or as pathological murmur, the majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally. Complication of heart murmur depend on the cause of the murmur for example MR may lead to development of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure,and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to angina, syncope, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, endocarditis, and sudden cardiac death.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- heart murmur may present as innocent murmrur or as pathological murmur.
- It may present with symptoms for instance chest pain, breathlessness, or present with signs of cardiac or extra cardiac disease.
- Heart murmurs represent the second most common reason for referral to pediatric cardiologist after asthma.[1]
- The majority of murmurs in children are innocent and found incidentally.[1]
Complications and Prognosis
- Complication and prognosis of heart murmur depend on the cause, the type and severity of the murmur.[2] for example mitral regurgitation may lead to development of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure,and in case of aortic valve stenosis can lead to angina, syncope.
- innocent heart murmur found incidentally and have a good prognosis.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Khushu, Abha; Kelsall, Anthony W.; Usher-Smith, Juliet A. (2014). "Outcome of children referred with heart murmurs referred from general practice to a paediatrician with expertise in cardiology". Cardiology in the Young. 25 (1): 123–127. doi:10.1017/S104795111400095X. ISSN 1047-9511.
- ↑ "Heart Murmur - Harvard Health".