Babesiosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Babesiosis}}
{{Babesiosis}}
==Overview==


Patients infected with Babesiosis generally appear healthy. However physical examination findings are variable depending on the severity of the infection as well as the patient’s medical history. For patients exhibiting symptoms apparent during physical examination, the most common physical findings will include:
A wide range of physical findings may be associated with patients suffering from babesiosis. Asymptomatic patients will generally appear healthy without any external signs of infection. However physical examination findings are variable depending on the severity of the infection as well as the patient’s medical history. For patients exhibiting symptoms apparent during physical examination, the most common physical findings may range from a moderate fever and minor display of flu-like symptoms to Hepatomegaly, Petechiae,Ecchymoses and Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). <ref>Hatcher JC, Greenberg PD, Antique J, Jimenez-lucho VE. Severe babesiosis in Long Island: review of 34 cases and their complications. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32(8):1117-25.</ref>


Asymptomatic:


      *Patients are generally well appearing
==Physical Examination==


      *May appear weak or fatigued in advanced cases
'''Asymptomatic:'''<ref name="Babesiosis CDC”">Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/disease.htmlAccessed December 8, 2015.</ref>


Minor to Moderate display of Symptoms:
*Patients are generally well appearing


    *Patient will display an average to moderately concerning fever.
*May appear weak or fatigued in advanced cases


    *Patient will appear fatigued and lethargic. In some cases this symptom may present itself as emotionally unstable states/ depression.


    *Headache
'''Minor to moderate display of signs:'''<ref name="Babesiosis CDC”">Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/disease.htmlAccessed December 8, 2015.</ref>


    *Neck stiffness
*Patient will display an average to moderately concerning fever


    *Shortness of breath
*Patient will appear fatigued and lethargic. In some cases this symptom may present itself as emotionally unstable states/ depression.


    *Nausea
*Neck stiffness


    *Vomiting
*Shortness of breath


    *Weight loss
*Nausea


**Symptoms gradually progress and have presented themselves to be non-specific.**
*Vomiting


Physical examination of an individual with severe progression of Babesiosis may result in the additional findings:
*Weight loss
 
*Rash
 
''(Physical signs gradually progress and have presented themselves to be non-specific.)''
 
 
'''Physical examination of an individual with severe progression of babesiosis may result in the additional findings:'''<ref name="Babesiosis CDC”">Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/disease.htmlAccessed December 8, 2015.</ref>


*Hepatomegaly
*Hepatomegaly
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*Rash (similar to erythema chronicum migrans)
*Rash (similar to erythema chronicum migrans)


*Pharyngeal erythema,
*Pharyngeal erythema


*Shock
*Shock
Line 46: Line 52:
*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
*Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)


**Immunocompromised patients or patients who have previously undergone splenectomy, experience difficulty clearing parasitic infections and thus result in higher counts of parasitemia. Within these populations Babesiosis is at a higher risk of producing fatal results.**
''(Immunocompromised patients or patients who have previously undergone splenectomy, experience difficulty clearing parasitic infections and thus result in higher counts of parasitemia. Within these populations Babesiosis is at a higher risk of producing fatal results.)''


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Apicomplexa]]
[[Category:Apicomplexa]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]

Latest revision as of 17:05, 18 September 2017

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Overview

A wide range of physical findings may be associated with patients suffering from babesiosis. Asymptomatic patients will generally appear healthy without any external signs of infection. However physical examination findings are variable depending on the severity of the infection as well as the patient’s medical history. For patients exhibiting symptoms apparent during physical examination, the most common physical findings may range from a moderate fever and minor display of flu-like symptoms to Hepatomegaly, Petechiae,Ecchymoses and Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). [1]


Physical Examination

Asymptomatic:[2]

  • Patients are generally well appearing
  • May appear weak or fatigued in advanced cases


Minor to moderate display of signs:[2]

  • Patient will display an average to moderately concerning fever
  • Patient will appear fatigued and lethargic. In some cases this symptom may present itself as emotionally unstable states/ depression.
  • Neck stiffness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Weight loss
  • Rash

(Physical signs gradually progress and have presented themselves to be non-specific.)


Physical examination of an individual with severe progression of babesiosis may result in the additional findings:[2]

  • Hepatomegaly
  • Petechiae
  • Ecchymoses
  • Rash (similar to erythema chronicum migrans)
  • Pharyngeal erythema
  • Shock
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

(Immunocompromised patients or patients who have previously undergone splenectomy, experience difficulty clearing parasitic infections and thus result in higher counts of parasitemia. Within these populations Babesiosis is at a higher risk of producing fatal results.)

References

  1. Hatcher JC, Greenberg PD, Antique J, Jimenez-lucho VE. Severe babesiosis in Long Island: review of 34 cases and their complications. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32(8):1117-25.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Babesiosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/babesiosis/disease.htmlAccessed December 8, 2015.