Dysfunctional uterine bleeding physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{Dysfunctional uterine bleeding}} | {{Dysfunctional uterine bleeding}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} [[User:AroojNaz|Arooj Naz]] | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}[[User:AroojNaz|Arooj Naz, M.B.B.S]] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Physical findings vary amongst patients but it is common to find pelvic and endocrine as well as skin changes. | Physical findings vary amongst patients but it is common to find [[pelvic]] and [[endocrine]] as well as skin changes. These include changes associated with underlying [[anemia]] such as [[pallor]] and a [[Conjunctiva|pale conjunctiva]]. Endocrine findings such as increased [[hair growth]], [[clitoromegaly]] and [[acne]] may help diagnose underlying [[endocrine]] related causes of [[abnormal bleeding]]. In those experiencing [[uterine bleeding]] due to [[coagulopathies]], signs of [[platelet]] deficiencies may be present, such as [[bruising]] and [[petechiae]]. An extensive physical examination may help in diagnosing the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===General Appearance=== | ===General Appearance=== | ||
Patients often appear in no distress but may experience discomfort and pain during their menstrual cycle. | Patients often appear in no distress but may experience discomfort and pain during their [[menstrual cycle]]. | ||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
====[[Skin]]==== | ====[[Skin]]==== | ||
*Signs of anemia such as pallor and pale conjunctiva <ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *Signs of [[anemia]] such as [[pallor]] and pale [[conjunctiva]]<ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
====[[Cardiovascular]]==== | ====[[Cardiovascular]]==== | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
*No significant findings | *No significant findings | ||
====[[Endocrine]] <ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> ==== | ====[[Endocrine]]<ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>==== | ||
Patients should be assessed for endocrine-related causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. This includes an examination of: | Patients should be assessed for [[endocrine]]-related causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. This includes an examination of: | ||
* Thyroid gland: look for changes in size and tenderness to palpation | |||
* Changes in hair growth patterns | *[[Thyroid]] gland: look for changes in size and tenderness to palpation | ||
* Clitoromegaly | *Changes in [[hair]] growth patterns | ||
* Acne | *[[Clitoromegaly]] | ||
*[[Acne]] | |||
====[[Pulmonary]]==== | ====[[Pulmonary]]==== | ||
| Line 64: | Line 65: | ||
====[[Pelvic/ Abdominal]]==== | ====[[Pelvic/ Abdominal]]==== | ||
Palpation of the abdomen may assist in determining the underlying cause. | Palpation of the abdomen may assist in determining the underlying cause. | ||
====[[Hematological]] <ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> ==== | *[[Endometrial Polyps|Polyps]] can present with an irregularly [[enlarged uterus]] indicating the underlying polyps that vary in shape and size | ||
*A [[Boggy uterus|'boggy' uterus]] indicates [[adenomyosis]]<ref name="pmid30969690">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30969690 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
*[[Leiomyoma]] presents as a tender, irregularly enlarged uterus<ref name="pmid30969690">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30969690 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
====[[Hematological]]<ref name="pmid30422508">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30422508 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>==== | |||
*Signs of anemia; pallor, fatigue | *Signs of [[anemia]]; [[pallor]], [[fatigue]] | ||
*Signs of coagulopathies; bruising, petechiae, a history of uncontrolled bleeding following minor surgical procedures | *Signs of [[coagulopathies]]; [[bruising]], [[petechiae]], a history of [[uncontrolled bleeding]] following minor surgical procedures | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 01:20, 7 August 2022
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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding Microchapters |
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Differentiating Dysfunctional uterine bleeding from other Diseases |
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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding physical examination On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Dysfunctional uterine bleeding physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz, M.B.B.S
Overview
Physical findings vary amongst patients but it is common to find pelvic and endocrine as well as skin changes. These include changes associated with underlying anemia such as pallor and a pale conjunctiva. Endocrine findings such as increased hair growth, clitoromegaly and acne may help diagnose underlying endocrine related causes of abnormal bleeding. In those experiencing uterine bleeding due to coagulopathies, signs of platelet deficiencies may be present, such as bruising and petechiae. An extensive physical examination may help in diagnosing the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Physical Examination
General Appearance
Patients often appear in no distress but may experience discomfort and pain during their menstrual cycle.
Vital Signs
- Pulse: Often normal, between 60-100/minute
- Temperature: Often normal, 37 C/98 F
- Respiratory Rate: Often normal, 12-16 breaths/minute
Examination According to Systems
ENT
- No significant findings
Skin
- Signs of anemia such as pallor and pale conjunctiva[1]
Cardiovascular
- No significant findings
Endocrine[1]
Patients should be assessed for endocrine-related causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. This includes an examination of:
- Thyroid gland: look for changes in size and tenderness to palpation
- Changes in hair growth patterns
- Clitoromegaly
- Acne
Pulmonary
- No significant findings
Neurological/ Psychological
- No significant findings
Renal
- No significant findings
GIT
- No significant findings
Muscular
- No significant findings
Genitourinary
- No significant findings
Pelvic/ Abdominal
Palpation of the abdomen may assist in determining the underlying cause.
- Polyps can present with an irregularly enlarged uterus indicating the underlying polyps that vary in shape and size
- A 'boggy' uterus indicates adenomyosis[2]
- Leiomyoma presents as a tender, irregularly enlarged uterus[2]
Hematological[1]
- Signs of anemia; pallor, fatigue
- Signs of coagulopathies; bruising, petechiae, a history of uncontrolled bleeding following minor surgical procedures