Delirium tremens natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Delirium tremens}} | |||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ZMalik}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
The [[symptoms]] of Delirium tremens usually start within 48 to 98 hours after the last drink in long term [[alcoholics]]. In some cases, it may occur up to 7 to 10 days after their last drink. Delirium tremens have a very high [[mortality rate]] if left untreated. [[Complications]] include, [[hypertension]], [[hyperthermia]], [[myocardial infarction|Heart attack]], [[cardiac arrhythmia]], [[stroke]], [[seizure]], [[respiratory failure]], [[altered mental status]], [[rhabdomyolysis]] and [[death]]. [[Prognosis]] largely depends upon early recognition and intervention. [[Mortality]] from Delirium tremens has been reduced from 35% to 5-15% due to early [[diagnosis]] and advanced [[ICU]] arrangements. Due to advanced treatment overall [[mortality]] is low, but it can vary in [[patient]] with other [[comorbidities]] including [[pulmonary]] insufficiencies, [[arrhythmia]], [[pancreatitis]], or if [[patient]] is older. | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
{{Delirium | ===Natural History=== | ||
The [[symptoms]] of Delirium tremens usually start within 48 to 98 hours after the last drink in long term [[alcoholics]]. In some cases, it may occur up to 7 to 10 days after their last drink. Delirium tremens have a very high [[mortality rate]] if left untreated<ref name="pmid30564004">{{cite journal| author=Grover S, Ghosh A| title=Delirium Tremens: Assessment and Management. | journal=J Clin Exp Hepatol | year= 2018 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 460-470 | pmid=30564004 | doi=10.1016/j.jceh.2018.04.012 | pmc=6286444 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30564004 }} </ref>. | |||
==Complications== | |||
[[Adrenergic]] storm | ===Complications=== | ||
[[Adrenergic]] storm can cause following [[complications]]:<ref name="pmidhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2758-y">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2758-y | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> | |||
* [[Hypertension]] | * [[Hypertension]] | ||
Line 13: | Line 18: | ||
* [[Stroke]] | * [[Stroke]] | ||
*[[Seizure]] | *[[Seizure]] | ||
*[[Respiratory failure]] | |||
*[[Altered mental status]] | |||
*[[Rhabdomyolysis]] | |||
==Prognosis== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
[[Prognosis]] largely depends upon early recognition and intervention. [[Mortality]] from Delirium tremens has been reduced from 35% to 5-15% due to early [[diagnosis]] and advanced [[ICU]] arrangements. | [[Prognosis]] largely depends upon early recognition and intervention. [[Mortality]] from Delirium tremens has been reduced from 35% to 5-15% due to early [[diagnosis]] and advanced [[ICU]] arrangements<ref name="pmid30564004">{{cite journal| author=Grover S, Ghosh A| title=Delirium Tremens: Assessment and Management. | journal=J Clin Exp Hepatol | year= 2018 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 460-470 | pmid=30564004 | doi=10.1016/j.jceh.2018.04.012 | pmc=6286444 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30564004 }} </ref>. Due to advanced treatment overall [[mortality]] is low, but it can vary in [[patient]] with other [[comorbidities]] including [[pulmonary]] insufficiencies, [[arrhythmia]], [[pancreatitis]], or if [[patient]] is older. Some Delirium tremens [[symptoms]] may last for a year or more, including, emotional [[mood swings]], [[fatigue]], and/or [[sleeplessness]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Latest revision as of 16:35, 24 May 2022
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
The symptoms of Delirium tremens usually start within 48 to 98 hours after the last drink in long term alcoholics. In some cases, it may occur up to 7 to 10 days after their last drink. Delirium tremens have a very high mortality rate if left untreated. Complications include, hypertension, hyperthermia, Heart attack, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke, seizure, respiratory failure, altered mental status, rhabdomyolysis and death. Prognosis largely depends upon early recognition and intervention. Mortality from Delirium tremens has been reduced from 35% to 5-15% due to early diagnosis and advanced ICU arrangements. Due to advanced treatment overall mortality is low, but it can vary in patient with other comorbidities including pulmonary insufficiencies, arrhythmia, pancreatitis, or if patient is older.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
The symptoms of Delirium tremens usually start within 48 to 98 hours after the last drink in long term alcoholics. In some cases, it may occur up to 7 to 10 days after their last drink. Delirium tremens have a very high mortality rate if left untreated[1].
Complications
Adrenergic storm can cause following complications:[2]
- Hypertension
- Hyperthermia
- Heart attack
- Cardiac arrhythmia
- Stroke
- Seizure
- Respiratory failure
- Altered mental status
- Rhabdomyolysis
Prognosis
Prognosis largely depends upon early recognition and intervention. Mortality from Delirium tremens has been reduced from 35% to 5-15% due to early diagnosis and advanced ICU arrangements[1]. Due to advanced treatment overall mortality is low, but it can vary in patient with other comorbidities including pulmonary insufficiencies, arrhythmia, pancreatitis, or if patient is older. Some Delirium tremens symptoms may last for a year or more, including, emotional mood swings, fatigue, and/or sleeplessness.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Grover S, Ghosh A (2018). "Delirium Tremens: Assessment and Management". J Clin Exp Hepatol. 8 (4): 460–470. doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2018.04.012. PMC 6286444. PMID 30564004.
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2758-y Check
|pmid=
value (help).