Bacterial pneumonia CT: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Bacterial pneumonia}} | {{Bacterial pneumonia}} | ||
'''Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:C Michael Gibson|C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] [Mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com| <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>]; '''Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' Arooj Naz | '''Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:C Michael Gibson|C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] [Mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com| <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>]; '''Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:AroojNaz|Arooj Naz, M.B.B.S]] | ||
=Overview= | =Overview= | ||
CT scans are not a primary modality of testing for bacterial pneumonia | Although [[CT scans]] are not a primary modality of [[testing]] for [[bacterial pneumonia]], they may be utilized in complex cases where the underlying cause is unknown<ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> and/or when [[Empiric therapy|empiric antibiotic]] use yields no symptomatic relief in the patient. CT scans may be very informative and assist in differentiating infectious and noninfectious [[pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid10459281">{{cite journal| author=Murata K, Takahashi M, Furukawa A, Itoh R, Yamasaki M, Sho K | display-authors=etal| title=[CT findings of pulmonary infections]. | journal=Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi | year= 1999 | volume= 59 | issue= 8 | pages= 371-9 | pmid=10459281 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10459281 }} </ref> Similar to [[Chest X-ray|chest x-rays]], CT findings can also be described according to the type of pneumonia including [[Lobar pneumonia|lobar]] or focal nonsegmental pneumonia, lobular or multifocal [[bronchopneumonia]], and diffuse or interstitial ([[Atypical pneumonia|atypical) pneumonia]]. | ||
=CT Scan= | =CT Scan= | ||
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!'''Findings''' | !'''Findings''' | ||
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|Lobar/ Focal non-segmental<ref name="Radiopaedia Lobar">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lobar-pneumonia}}</ref> | |[[Lobar pneumonia|Lobar]]/ Focal non-segmental<ref name="Radiopaedia Lobar">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lobar-pneumonia}}</ref> | ||
|[[Klebsiella pneumoniae|''Klebsiella pneumoniae'']] | |[[Klebsiella pneumoniae|''Klebsiella pneumoniae'']] | ||
[[Legionella pneumophila|''Legionella pneumophila'']] | [[Legionella pneumophila|''Legionella pneumophila'']] | ||
[[Haemophilus influenzae|''Haemophilus influenzae'']] | [[Haemophilus influenzae|''Haemophilus influenzae'']] | ||
|[[Image:Lobar-pneumonia-CT-findings.jpg|centre|300x300px|Lobar pneumonia - Case courtesy of Dr Chris O'Donnell | |[[Image:Lobar-pneumonia-CT-findings.jpg|centre|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/lobar-pneumonia-ct-findings?lang=us Lobar pneumonia] - Case courtesy of Dr Chris O'Donnell|alt=|thumb]][[Image:Pneumococcal-pneumonia-complication-parapneumonic-effusion-1.png|centre|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/parapneumonic-effusion-1?lang=us Pneumococcal Pneumonia (complication: parapneumonic effusion)] - Case courtesy of Dr Henry Knipe|alt=|thumb]] | ||
| | | | ||
*Focal dense opacification of the majority of an entire lobe | *Focal [[dense opacification]] of the majority of an entire lobe | ||
*Relative sparing of the large airways | *Relative sparing of the [[large airways]] | ||
*Ground glass opacity appearance in a lobar or segmental pattern | *[[Ground glass opacification on CT|Ground glass opacity]] appearance in a lobar or segmental pattern | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Lobular/ Multifocal Bronchopneumonia<ref name="Radiopaedia Bronchopneumonia">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/bronchopneumonia?lang=us}}</ref> | |Lobular/ Multifocal [[Bronchopneumonia]]<ref name="Radiopaedia Bronchopneumonia">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/bronchopneumonia?lang=us}}</ref> | ||
|[[Staphylococcus aureus|''Staphylococcus aureus'']] | |[[Staphylococcus aureus|''Staphylococcus aureus'']] | ||
[[Klebsiella pneumoniae|''Klebsiella pneumoniae'']] | [[Klebsiella pneumoniae|''Klebsiella pneumoniae'']] | ||
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[[Escherichia coli|''Escherichia coli'']] | [[Escherichia coli|''Escherichia coli'']] | ||
|[[Image:BronchopneumoniaCT.jpg|300x300px|Bronchopneumonia CT - Case courtesy of Dr Ayush Goel | |[[Image:BronchopneumoniaCT.jpg|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/pulmonary-tuberculosis-9?lang=us Bronchopneumonia CT] - Case courtesy of Dr Ayush Goel|alt=|center|thumb]][[Image:Tree-in-bud-002.jpg|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/tree-in-bud-1?lang=us Bronchopneumonia CT (Tree in Bud)] - Case courtesy of The Radswiki|alt=|center|thumb]][[Image:Tree-in-bud-001.jpg|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/tree-in-bud-1?lang=us Bronchopneumonia CT (Tree in Bud: Enhanced)] - Case courtesy of The Radswiki|alt=|center|thumb]] | ||
| | | | ||
*Multiple foci of opacity in a lobular pattern | *Multiple foci of opacity in a [[lobular pattern]] | ||
*"Tree in Bud" appearance | *[["Tree in Bud"|"Tree in Bud" appearance]] | ||
*Larger areas of consolidation may appear as 'patchwork quilt' | *Larger areas of [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]] may appear as 'patchwork quilt' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Diffuse/ Interstitial (Atypical)<ref name="Radiopaedia Interstitial">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/atypical-pneumonia?lang=us}}</ref> | |Diffuse/ Interstitial ([[Atypical pneumonia|Atypical]])<ref name="Radiopaedia Interstitial">{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/atypical-pneumonia?lang=us}}</ref> | ||
|''[[Mycoplasma]]'' | |''[[Mycoplasma]]'' | ||
[[Chlamydophila pneumoniae|''Chlamydophila pneumoniae'']] | [[Chlamydophila pneumoniae|''Chlamydophila pneumoniae'']] | ||
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''[[Legionella]]'' | ''[[Legionella]]'' | ||
|[[Image:Atypical pneumonia.jpg|300x300px|Atypical pneumonia - Case courtesy of Dr Mostafa El-Feky | |[[Image:Atypical pneumonia.jpg|300x300px|[https://radiopaedia.org/cases/h1n1-pneumonia?lang=us Atypical pneumonia] - Case courtesy of Dr Mostafa El-Feky|alt=|center|thumb]] | ||
| | | | ||
*Focal ground glass opacity appearance (in a centrilobular pattern) | *Focal [[Ground glass opacification on CT|ground glass]] opacity appearance (in a centrilobular pattern) | ||
*Diffuse and bilateral (in most cases) | *Diffuse and bilateral (in most cases) | ||
*Bronchial wall thickening | *[[Bronchial wall thickening]] | ||
*Segmental atelectasis from small airway obstruction may occur | *Segmental [[atelectasis]] from small airway obstruction may occur | ||
*Radiological findings are often more pronounced than the patients appearance | *Radiological findings are often more pronounced than the patients appearance | ||
*[[Mycoplasma]] pneumoniae: airspace consolidation | *[[Mycoplasma]] pneumoniae: airspace consolidation | ||
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[[Category:Pneumonia|Pneumonia]] | [[Category:Pneumonia|Pneumonia]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Up to Date]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:13, 19 March 2022
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Bacterial pneumonia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Bacterial pneumonia CT On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bacterial pneumonia CT |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bacterial pneumonia CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz, M.B.B.S
Overview
Although CT scans are not a primary modality of testing for bacterial pneumonia, they may be utilized in complex cases where the underlying cause is unknown[1] and/or when empiric antibiotic use yields no symptomatic relief in the patient. CT scans may be very informative and assist in differentiating infectious and noninfectious pneumonia.[2] Similar to chest x-rays, CT findings can also be described according to the type of pneumonia including lobar or focal nonsegmental pneumonia, lobular or multifocal bronchopneumonia, and diffuse or interstitial (atypical) pneumonia.
CT Scan
| Type of Pneumonia | Common Organisms | CT Scan | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lobar/ Focal non-segmental[3] | Klebsiella pneumoniae |   |
|
| Lobular/ Multifocal Bronchopneumonia[4] | Staphylococcus aureus |    |
|
| Diffuse/ Interstitial (Atypical)[5] | Mycoplasma |  |
|
References
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.
- ↑ Murata K, Takahashi M, Furukawa A, Itoh R, Yamasaki M, Sho K; et al. (1999). "[CT findings of pulmonary infections]". Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 59 (8): 371–9. PMID 10459281.
- ↑ https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lobar-pneumonia. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://radiopaedia.org/articles/bronchopneumonia?lang=us. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://radiopaedia.org/articles/atypical-pneumonia?lang=us. Missing or empty
|title=(help)