Sore throat resident survival guide (pediatrics): Difference between revisions
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• Rapid strep test (if available) | |||
• Throat swab for culture and sensitivity | |||
• If the child is greater than 2 years old, culture the throat before treatment or do rapid Strep antigen test (if available); if negative, do throat culture. | |||
• Monospot if suspect vira | |||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== |
Revision as of 05:00, 17 August 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Sore throat resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters |
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Overview |
Causes |
FIRE |
Diagnosis |
Treatment |
Do's |
Don'ts |
Overview
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom. The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Bacteria
- Streptococcus( group A beta-haemolytic )
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
viruses[1]
- Rhinovirus.
- coronavirus.
- respiratory syncytial virus.
- metapneumovirus.
- Epstein–Barr virus.
chemical irritation[1]
- nasogastric tubes.
- smoke.
FIRE: Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation
Table 1
Clinical signs and symptoms of GABSH pharingitis , their sensitivity and specificity [5]
Symptoms and Clinical Findings | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) |
---|---|---|
Absence of cough | 51-79 | 36-68 |
| ||
Anterior cervical nodes swollen or enlarged | 55-82 | 34-73 |
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Headache | 48 | 50-80 |
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Myalgia | 49 | 60 |
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Palatine petechiae | 7 | 95 |
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Pharyngeal exudates | 26 | 88 |
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Fever >38°C | 22-58 | 52-92 |
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Tonsillar exudate | 36 | 85 |
Table 2
Clinical Score for GABSH pharyngitis.
Reference | Clinical signs and symptoms | Sensibility (%) | Specificity (%) |
---|---|---|---|
[37] | Recent exposure to GABHS, pharyngeal exudate, enlarged or tender cervical nodes, fever | 55 | 74 |
| |||
[38] | Season, age, white cells count, fever, absence of cough, enlarged cervical nodes, tonsillar exudate or swelling | 68 | 85 |
| |||
[39] | Swollen and tender anterior cervical nodes, tonsillar exudate | 84 | 40 |
| |||
[40] | Fever, cervical nodes enlargement, tonsillar exudate or swelling or hypertrophy, Absence of cough | 63 | 67 |
| |||
[41] | Season, age, fever, enlarged cervical nodes, tonsillar exudate or swelling or hypertrophy, absence of cough or rhinitis or conjunctivitis | 22 | 93 |
| |||
[42] | Tonsillar hypertrophy, enlarged cervical nodes, absence of rhinitis, scarlet fever rash | 18 | 97 |
Complete Diagnostic Approach
• Rapid strep test (if available)
• Throat swab for culture and sensitivity
• If the child is greater than 2 years old, culture the throat before treatment or do rapid Strep antigen test (if available); if negative, do throat culture.
• Monospot if suspect vira
Treatment
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Do's
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
Don'ts
- The content in this section is in bullet points.