Rotavirus infection physical examination: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(3 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 9: Line 9:


===Appearance of the patient===
===Appearance of the patient===
The patient with rotavirus infection may be in a normal appearance. In cases of dehydration, there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the dehydration as the following:<ref name="pmid24379214">{{cite journal| author=Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G| title=Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children. | journal=BMJ | year= 2013 | volume= 347 | issue=  | pages= f7204 | pmid=24379214 | doi=10.1136/bmj.f7204 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24379214  }} </ref><ref name= "The treatment of the diarrheoa"> WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017 </ref>  
The patient with [[rotavirus]] [[infection]] may be in a normal appearance. In cases of [[dehydration]], there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the [[dehydration]] as the following:<ref name="pmid24379214">{{cite journal| author=Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G| title=Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children. | journal=BMJ | year= 2013 | volume= 347 | issue=  | pages= f7204 | pmid=24379214 | doi=10.1136/bmj.f7204 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24379214  }} </ref><ref name= "The treatment of the diarrheoa"> WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017 </ref>  
*In early stages of the rotavirus infection the patients are asymptomatic.
*In early stages of the [[rotavirus]] [[infection]] the patients are asymptomatic.
*In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior.  
*In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior.  
*In severe cases, the patient appears pale and lethargic.
*In severe cases, the patient appears [[Pale skin|pale]] and [[lethargic]].


===Vital signs===
===Vital signs===
*Low blood pressure
*[[Hypotension|Low blood pressure]]
*Fever due to the infection and the dehydration
*[[Fever]] due to the [[infection]] and the [[dehydration]]


===Skin===
===Skin===
*Dry skin in case of dehydration.
*[[Xerosis (patient information)|Dry skin]] in case of dehydration.
*Pallor
*[[Pallor]]


===HEENT===
===HEENT===
*In infants depressed anterior fontanelle may be felt in case of dehydration
*In infants depressed anterior [[fontanelle]] may be felt in case of [[dehydration]]
*Sunken eyes
*Sunken eyes


Line 31: Line 31:


===Abdomen===
===Abdomen===
*Abdominal tenderness  
*[[Abdominal tenderness]]
*Cramps
*[[Cramps]]


===Genitourinary===
===Genitourinary===
*Decreased urinary output
*[[Oliguria|Decreased urinary output]]


===Neuromuscular===
===Neuromuscular===
Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:<ref name="pmid19258926">{{cite journal| author=Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA| title=Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2009 | volume= 28 | issue= 4 | pages= 318-21 | pmid=19258926 | doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19258926  }} </ref>
Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:<ref name="pmid19258926">{{cite journal| author=Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA| title=Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2009 | volume= 28 | issue= 4 | pages= 318-21 | pmid=19258926 | doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19258926  }} </ref>
*Convulsions
*[[Convulsions]]
*Encephalopathy
*[[Encephalopathy]]
*Encephalitis
*[[Encephalitis]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]

Latest revision as of 00:03, 30 July 2020

Rotavirus infection Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Rotavirus infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Xray

CT scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Rotavirus infection physical examination On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Rotavirus infection physical examination

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Rotavirus infection physical examination

CDC on Rotavirus infection physical examination

Rotavirus infection physical examination in the news

Blogs on Rotavirus infection physical examination

Directions to Hospitals Treating Rotavirus infection

Risk calculators and risk factors for Rotavirus infection physical examination

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Patients infected with rotavirus infection may appear lethargic and pale in severe cases. They also have low blood pressure and fever due to infection. Signs of dehydration are more noticed in the infants as they could have sunken eye and depressed fontanelle. Convulsions also may be noticed in severe cases.

Physical examination

Appearance of the patient

The patient with rotavirus infection may be in a normal appearance. In cases of dehydration, there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the dehydration as the following:[1][2]

  • In early stages of the rotavirus infection the patients are asymptomatic.
  • In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior.
  • In severe cases, the patient appears pale and lethargic.

Vital signs

Skin

HEENT

Heart

  • Normal heart sounds
  • No murmurs, gallops or rubs

Abdomen

Genitourinary

Neuromuscular

Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:[3]

References

  1. Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G (2013). "Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children". BMJ. 347: f7204. doi:10.1136/bmj.f7204. PMID 24379214.
  2. WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017
  3. Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA (2009). "Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 28 (4): 318–21. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9. PMID 19258926.