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__NOTOC__
#Redirect: [[Ascaris lumbricoides]]
{{Ascariasis}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' Imtiaz Ahmed Wani, [[M.B.B.S]]; Fatimo Biobaku, [[M.B.B.S]]
==Overview==
Ascariasis is a soil [[helminth]] infection caused by the [[nematode]] [[Ascaris lumbricoides]].<ref name="Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine">Kim, Kami; Weiss, Louis; Tanowitz, Herbert (2016). "Chapter 39:Parasitic Infections". Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine Sixth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 682–698. ISBN 978-1-4557-3383-5.</ref>


==Causes==
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
{| class="wikitable" border="2" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center"
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
|-
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
! '''Genus and Species'''
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
! '''Ascaris lumbricoides'''
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Common Name'''
| width="400" align="center" | Giant Intestinal [[Roundworm]]
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Etiologic Agent of:'''
| width="400" align="center" | Ascariasis
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Infective stage'''
| width="400" align="center" | Embryonated Egg
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Definitive Host'''
| width="400" align="center" | Man
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Portal of Entry'''
| width="400" align="center" | Mouth
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Mode of Transmission'''
| width="400" align="center" | Ingestion of Embryonated egg through contaminated food or water
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Habitat'''
| width="400" align="center" | Small Intestine
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Pathogenic Stage'''
| width="400" align="center" | Adult Larva
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Mode of Attachment'''
| width="400" align="center" | Retention in the mucosal folds using pressure
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Mode of Nutrition'''
| width="400" align="center" | Feeding of [[Chyme]]
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Pathogenesis'''
| width="400" align="center" | Larva – [[pneumonitis]], [[Löffler's syndrome|Loffler’s syndrome]];
Goes through a Blood-Lung Phase ([[Hookworm]] and [[Strongyloides stercoralis]] also have a blood-lung phase);
Adult worm– Obstruction, [[Liver abscess]], [[Appendicitis]].
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Laboratory diagnosis'''
| width="400" align="center" | Direct Fecal Smear; Concentration methods such as [[Kato-Katz technique|Kato-Katz]]
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Treatment'''
| width="400" align="center" | [[Albendazole]], [[Mebendazole]], or Pyrantel Pamoate
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Diagnostic Feature - Adult'''
| width="400" align="center" | Female - prominent genital girdle
|-
| width="200" align="center" | '''Diagnostic Feature - Egg'''
| width="400" align="center" | Coarse mammilated albuminous coating
|-
|}
 
 
==Gallery==
<gallery>
 
 
Image: Ascariasis01.jpeg| Magnified 128X, this photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by a fertile Ascaris lumbricoides egg. A. lumbricoides is the largest nematode (roundworm) parasitizing the human intestine. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
 
Image: Ascariasis02.jpeg| Magnified 125X, this photomicrograph revealed the presence of a fertile Ascaris sp. egg that was found in an unstained formalin-preserved stool sample. See PHIL 411 for an example of an unfertilized Ascaris lumbricoides egg. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis03.jpeg| Depicted in this 1960 photograph were two Ascaris lumbricoides nematods, i.e., roundworms. The larger of the two was the female of the species, while the normally smaller male was on the right. Adult female worms can grow over 12 inches in length. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis04.jpeg| This micrograph reveals both fertilized (A) and unfertilized (B) Ascaris eggs, and a Trichuris egg (C); Mag. 125X. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis05.jpeg|This diagram depicts the various stages in the life cycle of the intestinal roundworm nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis06.jpeg|These are 3 fertilized A. lumbricoides eggs with the one on the right being decorticated, for its outer layer is absent. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis07.jpeg|This micrograph depicts an embryonated Ascaris lumbricoides egg with no outer mammillated layer, i.e., “decorticated”. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis08.jpeg|This photomicrograph depicts a fertilized egg of the parasite Ascaris lumbricoides. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis09.jpeg|Magnified 128X, this photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by an infertile, decorticated Ascaris lumbricoides egg. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis10.jpeg|Magnified 128X, this photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by an infertile, Ascaris lumbricoides egg. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis11.jpeg|Magnified 128X, this photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by a fertilized, decorticated Ascaris lumbricoides egg. A. lumbricoides is the largest nematode (roundworm) parasitizing the human intestine. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis12.jpeg|Magnified 128X, this photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by a fertilized, decorticated Ascaris lumbricoides egg. A. lumbricoides is the largest nematode (roundworm) parasitizing the human intestine. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis14.jpeg|Under a magnification of 125x, this photomicrograph of an unstained mounted formalin-preserved fecal sample revealed the presence of a number of parasitic worm eggs, which included the eggs of a trematode, Fasciolopsis buski, an Ascaris sp. nematode. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis15.jpeg|Infertile egg of Ascaris lumbricoides. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis16.jpeg|This photomicrograph revealed some of the ultrastructural features displayed by an infertile Ascaris lumbricoides egg. A. lumbricoides is the largest nematode (roundworm) parasitizing the human intestine. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
Image: Ascariasis18.jpeg|This micrograph reveals a fertilized egg of the round worm Ascaris lumbricoides; Mag. 400X. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
 
</gallery>
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
 
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