Hamartoma physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Overview

Patients with hamartoma usually have a normal appearance. Physical examination shows no remarkable findings.

Physical Examination

The following physical examination findings may be present among patients with hamartoma:

Appearance

• Patients usually have a normal appearance.

Hypothalamic Hamartoma

• Patients with hypothalamic hamartoma may look older than their chronological age.

Vital Signs

Cardiac Hamartoma

• Tachycardia - present in cardiac hamartoma
• Tachypnea - present in cardiac hamartoma

Skin

Cardiac Hamartoma

• The skin is cool and clammy, consistent with hypoperfusion
• Cyanosis - present in cardiac hamartoma
• Anasarca- present in cardiac hamartoma

Neck

Cardiac Hamartoma

• Subcutaneous masses

Lungs

Pulmonary Hamartoma

• Additional sounds - coarse crackles with inspiration

Heart

Cardiac Hamartoma

• A functional holosystolic murmur of mitral regurgitation may be heard if the heart dilates excessively
• Underlying valvular heart disease causes of congestive heart failure such as aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation may be auscultated.

Abdomen

Kidneys, spleen, and other vascular organs hamartoma

• A palpable abdominal mass may be present in any abdominal quadrant

Genitourinary

Hypothalamic Hamartoma

• Increased testicular size for chronological age
• Increased breast size chronological age