Property:AnswerBExp
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'''Incorrect'''- Colonscopy is needed for follow up in crohn's disease. First, we need to investigate the reason for the diarrhea. +
<font color="green">'''Correct.'''</font>-Chest X-ray is the best first step to evaluate the lung tissue for the lung cancer in high risk patients. +
<font color="red">'''Incorrect.'''</font>'-MuSK antibodies are generally not present in those with well-established ocular myasthenia gravis, but they have been detected in a few cases (Arch Neurol. 2005;62(6):1002.). Although nearly half of patients with AChR-Ab negative myasthenia gravis will have MuSK antibodies, those with AChR-Ab positive myasthenia do not have antibodies to MuSK in most studies to date (Ann Neurol. 2004;55(4):580, Neurology. 2003;60(12):1978.) +
Incorrect. Broad spectrum antibiotics are reserved for intolerance or failure of first line antibacterials. +
Correct
The rapid progression of acute cases necessitates the start of empirical treatment antibiotic therapy once the blood cultures have been collected +
Incorrect
The rapid progression of acute cases necessitates the start of empirical treatment antibiotic therapy once the blood cultures have been collected +
Incorrect
Intravenous penicillin G sodium is the recommended 1st line of therapy according to the American Heart Association guidelines. +
Correct
Streptococcus bovis is associated with colonic pathology, and a colonoscopy should be done to eliminate the source of infection. +
Correct
Hyponatremia, which can lead to increased water shifting into the brain, resulting in cerebral edema. +
Incorrect
Isotonic saline infusion is not used in acute cases who need rapid correction of the hyponatremia to prevent the occurance of cerebral edema. Instead 3% NaCl is used, then transition to 0.9% NaCl/vaptans at sodium levels > 125 mEq/L. +
Incorrect
Isotonic saline infusion is only used with symptomatic cases of hyponatremia, when the sodium level reaches 125 mmol/L. +
Anti-arrhythmic drugs are not given in Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. They may be indicated if soda bicarbonate therapy fails. +
Efavirenz is not indicated in the treatment of CMV retinitis. It is indicated for treatment of HIV . The patient has HIV since 5 years and doesn't have any other complaints. Hence Efavirenz is not indicated now . It may be started in combination to treatment of CMV . +
Verapamil can prevent the attacks of cluster headache. It is widely used to prevent headaches . +
Nausea, anxiety, and a general ill feeling are common due to the distorted balance signals that the brain receives from the inner ear.A prominent and debilitating symptom of labyrinthitis is severe vertigo. When the vestibular system is affected by labyrinthitis, rapid and undesired eye motion (nystagmus) often results from the improper indication of rotational motion. Hence nystagmus is the key differentiating feature of labyrinthitis . +
Dix hallpike maneuver is the test used to diagnose BPPV. The Dix–Hallpike test is performed with the patient sitting upright with the legs extended. The patient's head is then rotated by approximately 45 degrees. The clinician helps the patient to lie down backwards quickly with the head held in approximately 20 degrees of extension. This extension may either be achieved by having the clinician supporting the head as it hangs off the table or by placing a pillow under their upper back. The patient's eyes are then observed for about 45 seconds as there is a characteristic 5–10 second period of latency prior to the onset of nystagmus. If rotational nystagmus occurs then the test is considered positive for benign positional vertigo. During a positive test, the fast phase of the rotatory nystagmus is toward the affected ear, which is the ear closest to the ground. The direction of the fast phase is defined by the rotation of the top of the eye, either clockwise or counter-clockwise. Home devices are available to assist in the performance of the Dix–Hallpike Maneuver for patients with a diagnosis of BPPV. +