Property:AnswerEExp
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
W
Isolated dorsal column lesions are classical of tabes dorsalis caused by tertiary syphilis. +
Transcortical motor aphasia is a speech dysfunction characterized by impaired comprehension, impaired speech fluency, and intact repetition. It results from damage to the area between the supplementary motor area and the frontal perisylvian speech zone. +
Increase in pCO2 causes vasodilation; decrease in pO2 does not affect cerebral blood flow unless pO2 falls below 50 mmHg. +
This refers to the left PICA whose occlusion would lead to the same syndrome seen in our patient but the crossed deficit would be inverted (left face with right body). +
This refers to the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) whose occlusion would cause a similar syndrome seen in our patient but localized to the right. PCA strokes usually cause contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing. +
Right lower quadrantanopia is characterized by loss of vision in the right lower quadrant of the visual field. It usually occurs with left parietal lesions due to the interruption of the left dorsal optic radiations. Prolactinomas do not usually affect the parietal lobe. +
Right lower quadrantanopia is characterized by loss of vision in the right lower quadrant of the visual field. It usually occurs with left parietal lesions due to the interruption of the left dorsal optic radiations. +
This refers to the mechasim of action of cocaine which acts by inhibiting reuptake of several neurotransmitters, most importantly dopamine and norepinephrine. +
Borderline personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships and self-image. Patients are usually impulsive, have a pattern of intense unstable relationships, and recurrent suicidal behavior or threats. +
Splitting is a defense mechanism seen in borderline personality disorder by which a patient sees people and situations as completely black or white due to intolerance towards incertitude. +
Ulcerative colitis is characterized by the presence of submucosal inflammation with friable pseudopolyps on biopsy. +
Shipping industry and construction is associated with exposure to asbestos. Asbestosis is associated with bronchogenic carcinoma of the lungs and mesothelioma. While bronchogenic carcinoma is a much more common disease than mesothelioma, nearly all cases of mesothelioma have been associated with chronic asbestos exposure. +
The power of the study is defined as: P = 1 - "type II error" . Power is dependent on type II error. +
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness that is thought to be a result of dopamine overflow that causes an imbalance between the cortical and the subcortical systems. Antipsychotics are dopamine antagonists that typically improve symptoms of schizophrenia. +
Benzodiazepines have demonstrated efficacy in improving symptoms among patients with restless leg syndrome. +
Macular degeneration is the degeneration of the central region within the retina due to extracellular deposition of material beneath the retinal pigmented epithelium. Age-related macular denegeration (ARMD) is the leading cause of blindness in America among patients above the age of 60 years. The disease manifests with an increase in the number of floaters, flashes of light on peripheral vision, and a positive Amsler grid test. Amsler grid is a grid that uses horizontal and vertical lines and a small dot in the center. The patient looks at the grid using each eye separately. A positive (abnormal) test is when the patient sees the straight lines as curved. Positive Amsler test usually signifies the presence of a retinal disease, such as ARMD. +
Golgi tendon organ (GTO) is an encapsulated collagen-containing cell located near the muscular-tendon junction of extrafusal muscles and is continuous with them. It signals muscle contraction and muscle tension, not muscle length (which is signaled by the muscle spindle). The terminals of GTO are compressed upon muscle contraction. Sustained muscle contraction causes a sustained afferent response. Adaptation to the twisting force is slow. +