Property:AnswerEExp

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Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that occurs following a Streptococcus pyogenes infection, such as streptococcal pharyngitis. Chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is characterized by repeated inflammation with fibrinous resolution. It presents with polyarthritis, Carditis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, fever, leukocytosis, ECG may show features of heart block, such as a prolonged PR interval.  +
This step would be next after neurosurgical consult.  +
Correct- See expanation  +
Incorrect- Opiate intoxication will appear more as a depressed syndrome.  +
Alcohol exposure during pregnancy causes tissue and central nervous system malformations. The effects of alcohol in the CNS appear to be due in part to the negative effects on cell migration.  +
Measles virus causes measles. The rash in measles is preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis and blue-white (Koplik) spots on the buccal mucosa.  +
Correct- Lorazepam or other high potency benzodiazepines are useful in the acute management of manic patients as the sedative effects are relatively rapid.  +
Within 1 – 5 days after a full-term birth, the ductus arteriosus closes as a result of increased (not decreased) oxygen tension and decreased (not increased) circulating PGE2 and prostacyclins (PGI2).  +
Incorrect- It is not an essential part of physical examination for a newly diagnosed patient with hypertension.  +
The Golgi apparatus is involved in proteoglycan assembly from core proteins.  +
Correct- See explanation  +
Incorrect- This newborn is showing signs of Down syndrome.  +
Incorrect- Holter monitoring would only be useful if there were a concomitant arrhythmia.  +
P. multocida is reported to be resistant to dicloxacillin, cephalexin, and clindamycin; many strains are resistant to erythromycin.  +
Although clindamycin provides adequate coverage for staphylococcal species, it does not cover ''Salmonella'' species, which are highly likely in this case given the history of thalassemia and the culture results.  +
Amoxicillin-Clavulanate may be used for post-exposure prophylaxis in cases of human bite wounds. It has adequate coverage for ''Eikenella corrodens'', ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (MSSA), and anaerobic organisms.  +
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy has a mitochondrial mode of inheritance.  +
Vitamin K is required for gamma carboxylation of glutamate residues and is used in warfarin overdose.  +
Failure of migration of neural crest cells to the endocardial cushion is the most common congenital heart disease associated with Down syndrome.  +
<font color="red">'''Incorrect.'''</font> It is the surgical treatment of choice in compartment syndrome. However, following a crush injury, the rise in potasium could lead to fatal arrythmias, which should be treated initially with calcium gluconate.  +