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{{WBRQuestion
{{WBRQuestion
|QuestionAuthor={{Rim}}
|QuestionAuthor= {{SSK}} (Reviewed by Serge Korjian)
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|MainCategory=Biochemistry
|MainCategory=Biochemistry
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|MainCategory=Biochemistry
|MainCategory=Biochemistry
|SubCategory=General Principles
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|MainCategory=Biochemistry
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[[Image:Gluconeogenesis.png|500px]]
[[Image:Gluconeogenesis.png|900px]]
 
 
Educational objective: PEP carboxykinase is an important enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis that converts oxaloacetate to PEP. It requires GTP to function properly.
 
 
References:
 
Hanson RW, Garber AJ. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. I. Its role in gluconeogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1972;25(10):1010-21.<br>
Le T, Bhushan V. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2013. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2013.
 
|AnswerA=Oxaloacetate
|AnswerA=Oxaloacetate
|AnswerAExp=Oxaloacetate is the end-product produced by pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
|AnswerAExp=Oxaloacetate is the end-product produced by pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
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|AnswerE=Pyruvate
|AnswerE=Pyruvate
|AnswerEExp=Pyruvate is the substrate of pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
|AnswerEExp=Pyruvate is the substrate of pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
|EducationalObjectives=PEP carboxykinase is an important enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis that converts oxaloacetate to PEP. It requires GTP to function properly.
|References=Hanson RW, Garber AJ. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. I. Its role in gluconeogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1972;25(10):1010-21.<br>
Le T, Bhushan V. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2013. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2013.
|RightAnswer=B
|RightAnswer=B
|WBRKeyword=PEP Carboxykinase, gluconeogenesis
|WBRKeyword=PEP Carboxykinase, Gluconeogenesis, Pyruvate, Glycolysis,
|Approved=No
|Approved=Yes
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 01:54, 28 October 2020

 
Author [[PageAuthor::Serge Korjian M.D. (Reviewed by Serge Korjian)]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Biochemistry
Sub Category SubCategory::General Principles
Prompt [[Prompt::A researcher is studying the mechanisms of maintenance of glucose levels in rats. After a series of experiments in which he uses rat liver to measure enzyme activities, he notes that a the activity of a specific cytosolic enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis varies greatly with the concentration of cytosolic GTP. Which of the following is the end product produced by this enzyme?]]
Answer A AnswerA::Oxaloacetate
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::Oxaloacetate is the end-product produced by pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
Answer B AnswerB::Phosphoenolpyruvate
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::Phosphoenolpyruvate is the end-product produced by PEP carboxykinase. This enzyme requires GTP to function properly.
Answer C AnswerC::Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is the substrate of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
Answer D AnswerD::Fructose-6-phosphate
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::Fructose-6-phosphate is the end-product of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. this enzyme does not require GTP.
Answer E AnswerE::Pyruvate
Answer E Explanation AnswerEExp::Pyruvate is the substrate of pyruvate carboxylase. This enzyme does not require GTP.
Right Answer RightAnswer::B
Explanation [[Explanation::Gluconeogenesis occurs primarily in the liver and involves a number of irreversible enzymes to bypass some of the unidirectional enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. A summary of the four irreversible enzymes is shown below. PEP carboxykinase responsible for converting oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) while bypassing pyruvate. PEP carboxykinase is a cytosolic enzyme that has a binding site that binds GTP and is crucial for proper enzyme functioning.



Educational Objective: PEP carboxykinase is an important enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis that converts oxaloacetate to PEP. It requires GTP to function properly.
References: Hanson RW, Garber AJ. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. I. Its role in gluconeogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1972;25(10):1010-21.
Le T, Bhushan V. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2013. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2013.]]

Approved Approved::Yes
Keyword WBRKeyword::PEP Carboxykinase, WBRKeyword::Gluconeogenesis, WBRKeyword::Pyruvate, WBRKeyword::Glycolysis
Linked Question Linked::
Order in Linked Questions LinkedOrder::